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Related Experiment Videos

Expression and performance in transgenic pigs.

V G Pursel1, D J Bolt, K F Miller

  • 1U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland 20705.

Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Supplement
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Transgenic pigs carrying fusion genes show altered growth and health. While growth hormone (GH) improved feed efficiency, over-expression caused health issues and reproductive problems, limiting full potential.

Area of Science:

  • Animal biotechnology
  • Genetics and genomics
  • Livestock improvement

Background:

  • Fusion genes can be successfully integrated into the pig genome, creating transgenic animals.
  • Gene transfer efficiency varies, with 0.31%–1.73% of injected ova developing into transgenic pigs.
  • Gene expression levels in transgenic pigs range widely (17%–100%) depending on regulatory sequences used.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and consequences of transferring fusion genes, particularly growth hormone (GH), into pigs.
  • To assess the impact of different regulatory sequences on gene expression control.
  • To determine the heritability and phenotypic effects of introduced fusion genes in pigs.

Main Methods:

  • Microinjection of fusion genes into pig ova pronuclei.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of gene integration and expression in resulting transgenic pigs.
  • Phenotypic evaluation of transgenic pigs, including growth, metabolism, health, and reproduction.

    • Main Results:

    • Growth hormone (GH) gene transfer enhanced insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), insulin, and glucose levels.
    • Transgenic pigs showed improved feed efficiency (approx. 15%) and reduced subcutaneous fat.
    • Over-expression of GH led to detrimental health effects (lethargy, lameness, ulcers) and reproductive issues (anoestrus in gilts, reduced libido in boars).
    • Fusion genes were transmitted to progeny as an autosomal dominant trait in about half of offspring.

    Conclusions:

    • Gene transfer is feasible in pigs, with potential benefits for growth and feed efficiency.
    • Current regulatory sequences lack precise control over gene expression levels, leading to adverse effects.
    • Development of advanced regulatory elements is crucial for realizing the full potential of gene transfer in pigs for livestock improvement.