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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Modified Radical Neck Dissection for Cervical Metastasis

Modified Radical Neck Dissection for Cervical Metastasis

Published on: February 20, 2026

Development of the jugular bulb: a radiologic study.

David R Friedmann¹, Jan Eubig, Megan McGill

¹Department of Otolaryngology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.

Otology & Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [And] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology

|September 17, 2011

Summary

Jugular bulbs form after age two, stabilizing in adulthood. Their development and size variations, particularly in the venous system, may explain related inner ear symptoms.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Modified Radical Neck Dissection for Cervical Metastasis

Modified Radical Neck Dissection for Cervical Metastasis

Published on: February 20, 2026

Area of Science:

Radiology
Vascular Anatomy
Pediatric Development

Background:

Jugular bulb (JB) abnormalities can cause hearing loss and tinnitus.
The developmental origins and progression of these abnormalities are not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the postnatal development of the venous system from the transverse sinus to the internal jugular vein (IJV).
To understand the formation and growth of the jugular bulb.

Main Methods:

Computed tomographic (CT) scans with intravenous contrast were analyzed.
Measurements of the transverse sinus, sigmoid sinus, JB, IJV, and carotid artery were taken.
The study included infants, children, adults, and the elderly.

Main Results:

Jugular bulbs were absent in individuals under two years old.
The venous system, including the JB, enlarged during adulthood and stabilized in the elderly.
The venous system was larger in males than females, with right-sided dominance common.
Greatest size variation occurred near the JB, with increased symmetry closer to the heart.

Conclusions:

The jugular bulb is a dynamic structure developing after age two and stabilizing in adulthood.
Multifactorial determinants, potentially including blood flow, influence JB size and position.
Understanding JB development aids in explaining high-riding JBs and JB diverticula, which cause clinical symptoms.