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Related Concept Videos

Ultrasonography01:17

Ultrasonography

Ultrasonography is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the body's internal structures. It is a non-invasive and safe procedure that does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, making it widely used in various medical fields. Ultrasonography is used to study heart function, blood flow in the neck or extremities, certain conditions such as gallbladder disease, and fetal growth and development.
During an ultrasonography procedure, a handheld device called a...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography01:17

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System I:Echocardiography

Cardiac imaging studies encompass a wide range of noninvasive and minimally invasive techniques designed to visualize the heart's structure and function in detail. One such technique is echocardiography, which uses high-frequency ultrasound waves to produce detailed images of the heart, known as echocardiograms.
Indications: Echocardiography is utilized to diagnose heart failure, valve disorders, and myocardial infarction. It also assesses cardiac structures' size, shape, and motion, evaluates...
Ultrasound II: Endoscopic Ultrasound and FibroScan01:25

Ultrasound II: Endoscopic Ultrasound and FibroScan

Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS) and FibroScan are valuable diagnostic tools in gastroenterology and hepatology, each with specific applications and techniques.
Endoscopic Ultrasound (EUS):
Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography01:24

Imaging Studies II: Ultrasonography

IntroductionUltrasonography, or renal ultrasound, is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and surrounding tissues.Indications for Urinary System UltrasonographyUrinary system ultrasonography is indicated in various clinical scenarios, such as:Kidney Stones (Urolithiasis): To detect and monitor the size and presence of kidney or urinary tract stones.Hydronephrosis: To assess the dilation of the renal pelvis and...
Ultrasound I: Abdominal Ultrasonography01:20

Ultrasound I: Abdominal Ultrasonography

Introduction:
Abdominal ultrasonography, commonly known as abdominal ultrasound, is a vital, non-invasive medical imaging technique widely used in healthcare.
Procedure:
This diagnostic tool allows the clinician to visually inspect internal structures within the abdomen, including vital organs such as the liver, gallbladder, pancreas, kidneys, and spleen.
The abdominal ultrasound process begins with applying a special gel to the patient's skin over the abdomen. This gel enhances the...
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT01:28

Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System V: CT

Cardiac computed tomography (CT) scanning is an advanced cardiac imaging technique that utilizes CT technology, with or without intravenous (IV) contrast, to produce accurate cross-sectional virtual slices of specific areas of the heart, coronary circulation, and major blood vessels such as the aorta, pulmonary veins, and arteries. The computer processes these slices to generate three-dimensional images. Multidetector CT (MDCT) is a rapid form of CT scanning that captures multiple slices...

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Updated: May 29, 2026

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies
06:40

Screening of Axonal Degeneration in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Using Ultrasonography and Nerve Conduction Studies

Published on: January 11, 2019

Sonography in carpal tunnel syndrome.

Andrea N Leep Hunderfund1, Andrea J Boon, Jayawant N Mandrekar

  • 1Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.

Muscle & Nerve
|September 17, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Median nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) at the wrist and the wrist-forearm difference are effective diagnostic tools for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). These measurements significantly differentiate CTS patients from healthy individuals.

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Published on: January 11, 2019

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Published on: April 5, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Diagnostic Ultrasound

Background:

  • Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) diagnosis can be challenging.
  • Assessing median nerve dimensions at the wrist is crucial for diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of median nerve cross-sectional area (CSA) at the wrist.
  • To assess the utility of the wrist-forearm ratio and difference in diagnosing CTS.
  • To compare these ultrasound parameters in patients with and without CTS.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective recruitment of patients with electrodiagnostically confirmed CTS and asymptomatic controls.
  • Blinded sonographic measurement of median nerve CSA at the wrist (pisiform) and mid-forearm.
  • Analysis using receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in wrist median nerve CSA, wrist-forearm ratio, and wrist-forearm difference between CTS cases and controls (P < 0.0001).
  • Areas under the curve (AUC) for these parameters were 0.89, 0.82, and 0.88, respectively.
  • No significant effect of age, gender, height, weight, or wrist size on CSA.

Conclusions:

  • Median nerve CSA at the carpal tunnel inlet and wrist-forearm difference offer the best diagnostic discrimination for CTS.
  • Ultrasound measurements of median nerve dimensions are valuable in CTS diagnosis.
  • These sonographic parameters provide reliable differentiation between CTS patients and controls.