[Peptide-based cancer vaccine therapy for prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and malignant glioma]

Currently, peptide-based cancer vaccines are developed in many different groups, however, no sufficient clinical outcomes have been obtained. We have developed personalized peptide vaccine for advanced cancer patients with different types of HLA-A locus. Personalization of the vaccination peptides from the candidate peptide pool was conducted by considering the HLA types of patient and pre-existing levels of IgG to the candidate peptides. The personalized peptide vaccine for patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer has been approved as innovative therapy by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Japan. Here, we describe the recent progress of the personalized peptide vaccine particularly for patients with prostate cancer, bladder cancer, and malignant glioma.