Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

In Vivo Gene Transfer to the Rabbit Common Carotid Artery Endothelium
10:18

In Vivo Gene Transfer to the Rabbit Common Carotid Artery Endothelium

Published on: May 6, 2018

Localization of 14C-labeled 2% lidocaine hydrochloride after intraosseous anesthesia in the rabbit

Takashi Goto1, Hideki Mamiya, Tatsuya Ichinohe

  • 1Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba-shi, Japan. gotoutakashi@tdc.ac.jp

Journal of Endodontics
|September 20, 2011
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Intraosseous anesthesia (IOA) with lidocaine hydrochloride in rabbits showed concentrated accumulation around the root apex. This localized distribution may explain the rapid onset of IOA, offering insights into dental anesthesia techniques.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Dental Anesthesiology
  • Animal Research

Background:

  • Intraosseous anesthesia (IOA) is a technique used for dental procedures.
  • Understanding the tissue distribution of local anesthetics is crucial for optimizing their efficacy.
  • Lidocaine hydrochloride is a commonly used local anesthetic in dentistry.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the tissue distribution of lidocaine hydrochloride in mandibular bone marrow following intraosseous anesthesia in a rabbit model.
  • To compare the distribution pattern of lidocaine after IOA versus infiltration anesthesia (IA).

Main Methods:

  • Macroautoradiography was employed to track the distribution of carbon-14 labeled lidocaine hydrochloride with epinephrine.
  • Radiolabeled lidocaine was administered via intraosseous or paraperiosteal injection in rabbits.
  • Tissue distribution was analyzed at 1, 5, and 10 minutes post-IOA, and 1 minute post-IA.

Main Results:

  • Lidocaine accumulation was observed around the injection site for both IOA and IA.
  • Paraperiosteal injection led to diffusion into surrounding tissues (e.g., lip), while IOA resulted in concentrated distribution around the root apex.
  • The distribution area was significantly smaller in the IOA-1 group compared to the IA group.
  • The IOA-5 group exhibited a larger distribution area than the IOA-1 and IOA-10 groups.

Conclusions:

  • Lidocaine injected via IOA in rabbits demonstrated concentrated accumulation around the root apex.
  • The localized distribution pattern of IOA may contribute to its rapid onset of action.
  • These findings provide valuable insights into the pharmacokinetics of intraosseous anesthesia.

More Related Videos

Creation of Two Saccular Elastase-Digested Aneurysms with Different Hemodynamics in One Rabbit07:04

Creation of Two Saccular Elastase-Digested Aneurysms with Different Hemodynamics in One Rabbit

Published on: April 15, 2021

The Rabbit Blood-shunt Model for the Study of Acute and Late Sequelae of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Technical Aspects09:00

The Rabbit Blood-shunt Model for the Study of Acute and Late Sequelae of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Technical Aspects

Published on: October 2, 2014

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia01:16

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia01:30

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Surface, Infiltration, and Conduction Block Anesthesia

Depending on the target organ, local anesthetics (LAs) can be administered via various routes. In surface anesthesia, LAs are applied directly to the surface of the skin or mucous membranes. It is widely used for topical skin numbing before venipuncture or minor surgical procedures. Commonly used surface local anesthetics are lidocaine or benzocaine sprays or creams. Surface anesthesia occurs within 5 minutes and lasts for about 60 minutes. One of the main disadvantages of topical anesthesia is...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications01:23

Local Anesthetics: Common Agents and Their Applications

Local anesthetics (LAs) are commonly used for various applications in medical and dental procedures. Some of the common agents used are cocaine, lidocaine, and bupivacaine.
Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and methylecgogine. It is used to anesthetize and vasoconstrict locally. Currently, it is used primarily for topical applications. It is beneficial for surgeries on the upper respiratory tract, providing anesthesia and shrinking the mucosa. Cocaine in the form of cocaine hydrochloride is...
Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics01:13

Local Anesthetics: Pharmacokinetics

The potency and duration of action of local anesthetics (LAs) are determined by their pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetics describes how LAs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. When administered to the vascular tissues, LAs are quickly absorbed and enter the systemic circulation, reducing their localized effects. Adding vasoconstrictors such as epinephrine to LAs reduces their absorption into the systemic circulation, making them clinically effective. The...
Local Anesthetics: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:30

Local Anesthetics: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Local anesthetics (LAs) are drugs that induce a temporary loss of sensation in a limited body area, preventing pain. Cocaine was the first local anesthetic discovered in the late 19th century. Cocaine is a benzoic acid ester obtained from the leaves of coca shrubs and was often used for its psychotropic effects. Cocaine was first isolated in 1860 by Albert Niemann. Sigmund Freud studied the physiological actions of cocaine. Carl Koller later introduced it into clinical practice in 1884 as a...