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The Resident-intruder Paradigm: A Standardized Test for Aggression, Violence and Social Stress
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High novelty-seeking predicts aggression and gene expression differences within defined serotonergic cell groups.

Ilan A Kerman1, Sarah M Clinton, Tracy A Bedrosian

  • 1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama-Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294,USA. kerman@uab.edu

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|September 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

High Responder (bHR) rats show increased aggression, linked to altered serotonin (5-HTergic) neurotransmission and hormonal changes. These findings highlight specific brainstem pathways involved in regulating aggressive behavior.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Neuroscience
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Aggression is linked to emotionality traits like impulsivity and drug abuse.
  • Serotonergic (5-HTergic) neurotransmission is crucial for regulating aggressive responses.
  • Selectively-bred High Responder (bHR) and Low Responder (bLR) rats display distinct emotional and behavioral profiles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate aggression, hormonal secretion, and 5-HTergic system gene expression in bHR rats.
  • To determine if bHR rats exhibit increased aggression with characteristic hormonal changes.
  • To explore alterations in Tph2 and Sert gene expression and 5-HTergic cell group activation following aggressive encounters in bHR rats.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized selectively-bred bHR and bLR rats.
  • Assessed aggressive behavior using the resident-intruder test.
  • Measured testosterone and corticosterone levels.
  • Analyzed Tph2 and Sert gene expression in brainstem nuclei.
  • Examined intrusion-induced c-fos expression in 5-HTergic cell groups.

Main Results:

  • bHR rats exhibited significantly increased aggressive behavior compared to bLR rats.
  • bHR rats showed potentiated corticosterone and testosterone secretion during aggressive encounters.
  • bHR rats displayed diminished intrusion-induced c-fos expression in specific 5-HTergic brainstem cell groups.
  • Baseline Tph2 and Sert expression was increased in select brainstem nuclei of bHR rats.

Conclusions:

  • Altered 5-HTergic neurotransmission contributes to heightened aggression in bHR rats.
  • Specific subsets of brainstem 5-HTergic cell groups regulate aggression-related behaviors.
  • Findings provide insights into the neurobiological underpinnings of aggression and emotionality.