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High-speed Video Microscopy Analysis for First-line Diagnosis of Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia
Published on: January 19, 2022
Update of respiratory tract disease in children with primary ciliary dyskinesia
Scott D Sagel1, Stephanie D Davis, Paolo Campisi
1Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. sagel.scott@tchden.org
Insights
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) causes chronic sinopulmonary disease due to impaired mucociliary clearance. This review highlights challenges in pediatric PCD diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing the need for validated outcome measures for future clinical trials.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Genetics
- Rare Diseases
Background:
- Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disorder affecting ciliary function.
- It leads to impaired mucociliary clearance and progressive sinopulmonary disease.
- Respiratory tract issues are hallmark manifestations of PCD.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current knowledge on respiratory tract disease in PCD patients.
- To identify challenges in diagnosing and quantifying lung disease in young children with PCD.
- To recommend clinical endpoints and outcome measures for PCD research.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of existing research on PCD.
- Analysis of challenges in pediatric PCD diagnosis and outcome assessment.
- Synthesis of recommendations for clinical trial endpoints and therapeutic targets.
Main Results:
- PCD diagnosis and lung disease quantification in young children present significant challenges.
- Current PCD treatments are not evidence-based and often extrapolated from other conditions.
- There is a critical need for validated outcome measures, including patient-reported outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Developing and validating outcome measures is crucial for evaluating new PCD therapies.
- Recommendations are provided for clinical endpoints and outcome measures.
- A prioritized list of treatments for future PCD clinical trials is proposed.
Abstract:
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disease characterized by abnormal ciliary structure and function leading to impaired mucociliary clearance and chronic progressive sinopulmonary disease. Upper and lower respiratory tract manifestations are cardinal features of PCD. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge of respiratory tract disease in individuals with PCD and highlights the challenges in identifying and quantifying lung disease in very young children with PCD. No specific therapies are available to correct ciliary dysfunction in PCD. Treatment is not evidence based, and recommendations are largely extrapolated from cystic fibrosis and other conditions with impaired mucociliary clearance. There is a pressing need to develop and validate outcome measures, including patient-reported outcomes, that could be used to evaluate potential therapies in PCD. This review concludes with recommendations for clinical endpoints and outcome measures and a prioritized list of treatments to study in PCD clinical trials.
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