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Related Concept Videos

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation02:19

Circadian Rhythms and Gene Regulation

The biological clock is involved in many aspects of regulating complex physiology in all animals. It was in 1935 when German zoologists, Hans Kalmus and Erwin Bünning, discovered the existence of circadian rhythm in Drosophila melanogaster. However, the internal molecular mechanisms behind the circadian clock remained a mystery until 1984, when Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, and Michael W. Young discovered the expression of the Per gene oscillating over a 24-hour cycle. In subsequent years,...
Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response01:15

Chronopharmacokinetics: Circadian Rhythms and Influence on Drug Response

Circadian rhythms are cyclic changes that are crucial in plasma drug concentrations. Various standard circadian parameters, including core body temperature, heart rate, and other cardiovascular factors, directly impact disease states and the therapeutic response to drug therapy.
The time of drug administration is an important factor to consider, as it can influence the toxic dose of a drug. For example, a study conducted by Prins et al. in 1997 examined the effects of the timing of...
Pulse rhythm01:30

Pulse rhythm

Pulse rhythm refers to the pattern of pulsations within specific intervals, offering valuable insights into the regularity or irregularity of the heart's beats as observed through the pattern of pulsation within specific intervals. A regular pulse exhibits a consistent heart rate with uniform waveforms and pulsation force, variations of which can be classified as normal, weak, or bounding.
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac muscle...
Physiological Control of Respiration01:23

Physiological Control of Respiration

Introduction
Breathing, a seemingly passive process, is regulated by the respiratory center in the brainstem. This center coordinates the involuntary control of respirations, which means it occurs without conscious effort, ensuring a smooth and uninterrupted pattern.
Regulation of Ventilation
The body maintains ventilation by monitoring levels of carbon dioxide (CO2), oxygen (O2), and hydrogen ion concentration (pH) in the arterial blood. Among these factors, the level of CO2 plays a crucial...
Understanding Sleep01:11

Understanding Sleep

Sleep, an essential biological state, involves significant reductions in physical activity, sensory awareness, and interaction with the environment. This complex physiological process is primarily regulated by specific brain regions, notably the hypothalamus and pons, which govern the sleep-wake cycle or circadian rhythm.
The circadian rhythm, a nearly 24-hour cycle, is deeply influenced by environmental light cues. Light exposure directly affects the hypothalamus, which in turn regulates...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells
11:56

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

Published on: September 28, 2017

Circadian rhythms: from basic mechanisms to the intensive care unit.

Ming-Cheng Chan1, Peter M Spieth, Kieran Quinn

  • 1Keenan Research Centre at the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Critical Care Medicine
|September 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Circadian rhythms, the body's internal clock, impact disease and drug effectiveness. Disruptions in critically ill patients highlight the need for further research into their role in critical care.

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells
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In Vitro Bioluminescence Assay to Characterize Circadian Rhythm in Mammary Epithelial Cells

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Published on: September 27, 2012

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures
06:53

Parallel Measurement of Circadian Clock Gene Expression and Hormone Secretion in Human Primary Cell Cultures

Published on: November 11, 2016

Area of Science:

  • * Chronobiology and its impact on human physiology.
  • * Molecular mechanisms underlying circadian rhythms.
  • * Interplay between circadian rhythms and disease progression.

Background:

  • * Circadian rhythms are endogenous biological processes crucial for adapting to environmental cycles.
  • * Growing evidence links circadian disruption to various diseases and altered drug responses.
  • * Relevance of circadian rhythms in intensive care unit (ICU) settings is increasingly recognized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To review the molecular mechanisms of circadian rhythms.
  • * To explore the significance of circadian rhythms in critical care medicine.
  • * To synthesize current knowledge on circadian rhythms and organ system function in health and disease.

Main Methods:

  • * Comprehensive literature search of PubMed database.
  • * Inclusion of articles on circadian rhythms in normal and disease states.
  • * Focus on organ systems and critical care relevance.

Main Results:

  • * Circadian rhythms influence disease progression and drug efficacy/toxicity.
  • * ICU environments and critical illness can severely disrupt these rhythms.
  • * Molecular mechanisms provide insights into biological timekeeping.

Conclusions:

  • * Critically ill patients are particularly susceptible to circadian disruption.
  • * ICU environment factors (noise, interventions) exacerbate rhythm disturbances.
  • * Further research is essential for understanding critical illness pathophysiology and developing novel therapies.