The syndrome of multiple organ failure

Current technology has prolonged the life support of patients with organ failures. The onset of MOF follows an inciting event and develops a clinical pattern of lung, liver, and kidney failure. Laboratory evidence of the syndrome includes hyperbilirubinemia, hyperglycemia, increased blood lactate, and reduced levels of hepatic proteins. Energy expenditure in MOF is increased and severe sepsis or septic shock can initiate the process of hypermetabolism and MOF. Current therapy is aimed at source control, restoration of oxygen transport, and metabolic support. Critical care nursing provides a technological and humanistic approach in developing a supportive environment for patients and families. Scientific study of the effects of nursing interventions on patient outcomes is needed to evaluate critical care nursing activities.