Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inhibitors Of Virion Release01:25

Inhibitors Of Virion Release

Viral replication and dissemination rely on efficient mechanisms for host cell entry, genome replication, assembly, and release. Influenza viruses, such as types A and B, are negative-sense single-stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome, that depend on two critical surface glycoproteins to carry out these processes: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). HA initiates infection by binding to sialic acid residues on the surface of host epithelial cells, facilitating receptor-mediated...
Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches01:23

Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches

Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sea-blue histiocytosis and thrombocytopenia successfully treated with an mTORC1 inhibitor: a case report.

Annals of hematology·2026
Same author

Distinct multiplex immunofluorescence-based immune and stromal marker expression profile of subcutaneously metastatic SMARCA4-deficient undifferentiated thoracic tumor: a case report.

Translational lung cancer research·2026
Same author

Genetic variants of thioredoxin interacting protein gene and their association with diabetic peripheral neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Gene·2026
Same author

Nutritional and Flavor Improvement of Enzymatic Hydrolysis in Liquefied-Saccharified Foxtail Millet Syrup: Differences Between Drought-Resistant and High-Yield Hybrid Cultivars.

Journal of food science·2026
Same author

Corrigendum to "Taraxasterol prevents cisplatin-induced cochlear hair cell loss via inducing GNAQ" [Biochem. Pharmacol. 250(Part 1) (2026) 117964].

Biochemical pharmacology·2026
Same author

Superior efficacy of CsA plus ATG over CsA monotherapy in pediatric transfusion-independent moderate aplastic anemia.

Pediatric research·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
12:20

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

Published on: December 29, 2015

Flavivirus RNA cap methyltransferase: structure, function, and inhibition.

Lihui Liu1, Hongping Dong, Hui Chen

  • 1Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208, USA.

Frontiers in Biology
|September 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Flavivirus methyltransferase (MTase) is essential for viral RNA capping and replication. Targeting the N7 methylation activity of NS5 MTase offers a promising therapeutic strategy against flavivirus infections like West Nile virus (WNV).

More Related Videos

In vitro Transcription and Capping of Gaussia Luciferase mRNA Followed by HeLa Cell Transfection
08:55

In vitro Transcription and Capping of Gaussia Luciferase mRNA Followed by HeLa Cell Transfection

Published on: March 26, 2012

Using Click Chemistry to Measure the Effect of Viral Infection on Host-Cell RNA Synthesis
09:35

Using Click Chemistry to Measure the Effect of Viral Infection on Host-Cell RNA Synthesis

Published on: August 9, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses
12:20

Bacterial Artificial Chromosomes: A Functional Genomics Tool for the Study of Positive-strand RNA Viruses

Published on: December 29, 2015

In vitro Transcription and Capping of Gaussia Luciferase mRNA Followed by HeLa Cell Transfection
08:55

In vitro Transcription and Capping of Gaussia Luciferase mRNA Followed by HeLa Cell Transfection

Published on: March 26, 2012

Using Click Chemistry to Measure the Effect of Viral Infection on Host-Cell RNA Synthesis
09:35

Using Click Chemistry to Measure the Effect of Viral Infection on Host-Cell RNA Synthesis

Published on: August 9, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Drug Discovery

Background:

  • Flaviviruses are significant human pathogens.
  • Their RNA genome requires a 5' cap structure for replication.
  • The NS5 protein contains a methyltransferase (MTase) crucial for capping.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review advances in flaviviral capping machinery.
  • To explore the implications for drug development.
  • To identify potential therapeutic targets for flavivirus infections.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of crystal structures of flavivirus MTases.
  • Studies on substrate binding and methylation reactions.
  • In vitro trans-complementation assays with mutant enzymes.
  • In vivo studies using West Nile virus (WNV) mutants.

Main Results:

  • Flavivirus NS5 MTase catalyzes sequential guanine N7 and ribose 2'-OH methylations.
  • Distinct RNA elements are required for each methylation step.
  • N7 methylation is essential for WNV viability, while 2'-O methylation defects lead to attenuation.
  • Trans-complementation studies show independent activity of MTase molecules for each methylation.

Conclusions:

  • The N7 methylation activity of NS5 MTase is essential for the flavivirus life cycle.
  • Flavivirus methyltransferase is a promising target for novel antiviral therapies.
  • Targeting N7 methylation could lead to effective treatments against flavivirus diseases.