Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 29, 2026

Modeling Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus of Prematurity in Rats
Published on: March 28, 2025
Cloverleaf skull deformity and hydrocephalus
Guilherme Machado1, Federico Di Rocco, Christian Sainte-Rose
1Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France.
Objective:
This article describes the clinical aspects for both operated and non-operated patients with a cloverleaf skull deformity treated in our service, focusing on hydrocephalus.
Methods:
We describe 13 cases of cloverleaf skull deformity treated in our services between 1977 and 2008. Among them, ten were operated (9 out of 13 for the craniofacial stenosis and 7 out of 13 for hydrocephalus).
Results:
Hydrocephalus was present in all patients with bilateral lambdoid stenosis. There was no case of hydrocephalus among the patients with unilateral or absent lambdoid stenosis. Associated malformations and severe faciostenosis were associated with higher mortality and morbidity.
Conclusion:
The development of hydrocephalus seems to be closely related to a bilateral lambdoid stenosis. The optimal treatment must be tailored individually considering the degree of the malformation and the presence of complications and comorbidities.
Related Concept Videos
Sutures of the Skull
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
Cranial Bones: Lateral View
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
Cerebral Edema ll: Pathophysiology
Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction
Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology
