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Related Concept Videos

Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.

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Growing Neural Stem Cells from Conventional and Nonconventional Regions of the Adult Rodent Brain
11:27

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Published on: November 18, 2013

Nutrient control of neural stem cells.

Pauline Spéder1, Jun Liu, Andrea H Brand

  • 1The Gurdon Institute and Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QN, United Kingdom.

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|September 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Organism physiology impacts stem cell behavior, especially in the brain. Nutritional status regulates insulin/IGF signaling to control neural stem cell activity via glial niche interactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Metabolic Regulation

Background:

  • Organismal physiological status influences stem cell behavior for growth, injury repair, and environmental adaptation.
  • The brain is particularly sensitive to metabolic changes, impacting neural function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss how nutritional status regulates systemic and local insulin/IGF signaling.
  • To explore the control of neural stem cell behavior by nutritional status.
  • To highlight the role of the glial niche in relaying systemic signals to neural stem cells.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on nutritional status, insulin/IGF signaling, and neural stem cell regulation.
  • Analysis of systemic and local signaling pathways.
  • Comparison of regulatory mechanisms in Drosophila and mammalian stem cells.

Main Results:

  • Nutritional status modulates systemic and local insulin/IGF signaling pathways.
  • These signaling pathways influence neural stem cell behavior.
  • Systemic signals are communicated to neural stem cells through interactions within the glial niche.

Conclusions:

  • Conserved mechanisms likely exist for how the brain responds to nutritional state changes across species.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate these complex regulatory pathways.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for addressing brain health and development.