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HBV infection in relation to consistent condom use: a population-based study in Peru
Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz1, Cesar P Carcamo, John D Scott
1School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. antonio.bernabe@upch.pe
Plos One
|September 21, 2011
Summary
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is more prevalent in Peru's highlands and jungle regions. Consistent condom use significantly reduces the risk of HBV infection, highlighting its importance in prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Limited data exists on Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) prevalence in developing nations.
- Efficacy of consistent condom use for reducing HBV transmission at a population level requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess HBV infection prevalence and associated factors in Peru.
- To examine the relationship between anti-HBc positivity and consistent condom use.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of data from two surveys in 28 Peruvian cities, involving 7,000 participants aged 18-29.
- Multistage cluster sampling with face-to-face and self-administered questionnaires on demographics and sexual behavior.
- Hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) testing and multivariable analysis adjusting for various factors.
Main Results:
- Overall anti-HBc prevalence was 5.0%, with significantly higher rates in jungle (16.3%) and highlands (2.05 times higher) regions compared to coastal areas.
- Higher age at sexual debut was inversely associated with anti-HBc positivity (OR=0.90).
- Consistent condom use was associated with a reduced prevalence of anti-HBc (OR=0.34).
Conclusions:
- Higher anti-HBc prevalence is linked to residence in highlands or jungle regions.
- Increased age at sexual debut correlates with lower anti-HBc prevalence.
- Consistent condom use is associated with decreased HBV infection risk, suggesting its promotion as a key prevention strategy, alongside vaccination, particularly in high-prevalence areas.
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