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Related Concept Videos

Deglutition01:25

Deglutition

Swallowing, otherwise known as deglutition, facilitates the transport of food from the mouth to the stomach. It is a multifaceted process that involves both the tongue and the muscles of the throat and esophagus. Saliva and mucus aid in this process, which takes approximately 4 to 8 seconds for semi-solid or solid food and around 1 second for liquids or very soft food.
Swallowing can be divided into three stages: the voluntary phase, the pharyngeal phase, and the esophageal phase. Although the...
Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding01:26

Enteral Nutrition I: Orogastric and Nasogastric Feeding

Enteral nutrition delivers nutrients directly to the stomach or small intestine through a tube. This method is appropriate for patients who cannot eat but still have a functioning digestive system. It is also beneficial for individuals with swallowing difficulties, anorexia, malabsorption, or those who have undergone gastrointestinal (GI) surgery.
Orogastric (OG) and nasogastric (NG) feeding are two standard methods used for enteral nutrition. Enteral nutrition is often preferred over...
Upper GI Series: Barium Swallow01:24

Upper GI Series: Barium Swallow

The Barium Swallow Study, or a Barium Esophagogram, is a diagnostic imaging method used to visualize the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine. It employs barium sulfate, a radiopaque contrast material, to provide clear images of the upper digestive system, helping to identify abnormalities, diseases, or structural issues.
Purpose and Procedure
Patients undergoing this procedure ingest a liquid containing barium sulfate with a chalky...
Esophageal Achalasia01:27

Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)...
Pneumonia I: Introduction01:30

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
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Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
Nasointestinal feeding involves placing a tube through...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models
08:32

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models

Published on: March 1, 2015

Clinical practice: swallowing problems in cerebral palsy.

Corrie E Erasmus1, Karen van Hulst, Jan J Rotteveel

  • 1Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Paediatric Neurology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. c.erasmus@neuro.umcn.nl

European Journal of Pediatrics
|September 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common childhood disability. This review details swallowing problems and drooling in children with CP, offering an approach for investigation and treatment.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models
08:32

Adapting Human Videofluoroscopic Swallow Study Methods to Detect and Characterize Dysphagia in Murine Disease Models

Published on: March 1, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatrics
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Cerebral palsy (CP) is the leading physical disability in early childhood, affecting 2-2.5 per 1,000 live births globally.
  • CP involves motor, cognitive, and perceptive impairments due to non-progressive brain lesions.
  • Swallowing difficulties and excessive drooling are common in children with CP, leading to malnutrition and aspiration pneumonia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review functional and anatomical issues related to swallowing problems in children with CP.
  • To describe an evidence-based approach for the investigation and treatment of dysphagia and drooling in CP.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of functional and anatomical issues in pediatric CP.
  • Expert opinion and clinical experience in managing swallowing problems in CP.

Main Results:

  • Dysphagia and drooling significantly increase morbidity and mortality risks in children with CP.
  • Early intervention for swallowing problems is crucial for improving outcomes.
  • A structured approach to investigation and treatment is essential for managing these complications.

Conclusions:

  • Swallowing problems and drooling are significant challenges in children with cerebral palsy.
  • Comprehensive assessment and tailored treatment plans are necessary.
  • Addressing these issues can reduce complications and improve the quality of life for children with CP and their families.