Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19
06:46

A High-Throughput Multiplexed Screening for Type 1 Diabetes, Celiac Diseases, and COVID-19

Published on: July 5, 2022

Human enterovirus infections in children at increased risk for type 1 diabetes: the Babydiet study

M-L Simonen-Tikka1, M Pflueger, P Klemola

  • 1Intestinal Viruses Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare, P.O. Box 30, FI-00271, Helsinki, Finland.

Diabetologia
|September 21, 2011
PubMed

Insights

This study found no link between human enteroviruses (HEVs) in infants and the development of islet autoantibodies. HEV infections were not associated with diet, maternal diabetes, or symptoms in children.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes risk is influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
  • Early life infections are investigated for their role in autoimmune disease development.
  • The Babydiet study examined gluten exposure and type 1 diabetes risk in high-risk children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate human enteroviruses (HEVs) and other intestinal viruses in infants.
  • To analyze the association between HEV infections and islet autoantibodies.
  • To examine the relationship with dietary intervention, maternal diabetes, and clinical symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 339 stool samples from 104 children during the first year of life.
  • Detection of HEVs and other intestinal viruses using molecular methods.
  • Correlation of viral findings with islet autoantibody status, diet, maternal history, and symptoms.

Main Results:

  • HEV was detected in 23.1% of children, with HEV-A species being most common.
  • No significant difference in HEV prevalence was observed between islet autoantibody-positive and -negative children.
  • HEV prevalence showed no association with gluten exposure, maternal type 1 diabetes, or familial risk.

Conclusions:

  • No correlation was found between early-life HEV presence and the development of islet autoantibodies.
  • HEV infections in the first year of life were not associated with dietary interventions.
  • No link was identified between HEV infections and maternal diabetes or clinical symptoms in this cohort.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies09:15

Electrochemiluminescence Assays for Human Islet Autoantibodies

Published on: March 23, 2018

A High-Throughput Electrochemiluminescence 7-Plex Assay Simultaneously Screening for Type 1 Diabetes and Multiple Autoimmune Diseases06:50

A High-Throughput Electrochemiluminescence 7-Plex Assay Simultaneously Screening for Type 1 Diabetes and Multiple Autoimmune Diseases

Published on: May 29, 2020

Related Concept Videos

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction01:12

Type I Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by an absolute deficiency of insulin resulting from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Although it can occur at any age, it is most commonly diagnosed in childhood, adolescence, or early adulthood. The loss of insulin production impairs cellular glucose uptake, resulting in persistent hyperglycemia and necessitating lifelong insulin therapy.Autoimmune Destruction of β-CellsThe hallmark of type 1 diabetes is an...
Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...
Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Type I Diabetes III: Clinical Manifestations

Type 1 diabetes mellitus typically presents with rapid-onset symptoms due to the body’s inability to utilize glucose in the absence of insulin. Since insulin is required for glucose uptake into cells, its deficiency leads to hyperglycemia and cellular energy deprivation, resulting in characteristic clinical features.Polyuria and PolydipsiaOne of the earliest, most prominent symptoms is polyuria (excessive urination). When blood glucose concentrations rise above the renal threshold, the kidneys...
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility, suggesting a...