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Related Experiment Videos

Irradiation for xenogeneic transplantation.

E C Halperin1, S J Knechtle, R C Harland

  • 1Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.

Radiotherapy and Oncology : Journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Irradiation, including total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) and selective lymphoid irradiation (SLI), shows promise in preventing rejection in xenogeneic transplantation (XT). These methods may help overcome immune barriers in cross-species organ transplants.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplantation Biology
  • Surgical Innovation

Background:

  • Xenogeneic transplantation (XT) involves organ or tissue transfer between different species.
  • Pre-existing antibodies in recipients can cause hyperacute rejection of xenografts.
  • Cell-mediated rejection can occur in xenografts lacking hyperacute rejection, similar to allografts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current knowledge on the use of irradiation in experimental xenogeneic transplantation.
  • To explore the potential of irradiation in preventing xenograft rejection.

Main Methods:

  • Investigation of total lymphoid irradiation (TLI) and selective lymphoid irradiation (SLI) in XT models.
  • Evaluation of graft survival rates in various xenogeneic transplant combinations (e.g., hamster-to-rat, rabbit-to-rat, monkey-to-baboon).

Related Experiment Videos

  • Assessment of combined therapies including TLI, cyclosporine, and splenectomy.

    • Main Results:

    • TLI prolonged the survival of pancreatic islet-cell and cardiac xenografts from hamsters to rats.
    • TLI showed a more modest effect in rabbit-to-rat cardiac xenografts.
    • Combined therapy with TLI, cyclosporine, and splenectomy significantly improved liver transplant survival in hamster-to-rat models.
    • SLI, with anti-lymphocyte globulin, prolonged graft survival in hamster-to-rat cardiac xenografts.

    Conclusions:

    • Irradiation, particularly TLI and SLI, is a promising strategy for mitigating rejection in xenogeneic transplantation.
    • Radiation therapy may be beneficial in preventing cell-mediated rejection in specific XT scenarios.
    • Further research into irradiation techniques could enhance the success of cross-species organ transplantation.