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Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
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Low-loss Si3N4 arrayed-waveguide grating (de)multiplexer using nano-core optical waveguides.

Daoxin Dai1, Zhi Wang, Jared F Bauters

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA. dxdai@ece.ucsb.edu

Optics Express
|September 22, 2011
PubMed
Summary
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This study demonstrates a 16-channel arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) (de)-multiplexer using silicon nitride (Si3N4) optical waveguides. The device exhibits low loss and crosstalk, making it suitable for optical communication systems.

Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Materials Science
  • Optical Engineering

Background:

  • Arrayed-waveguide gratings (AWGs) are crucial for wavelength division multiplexing in optical communications.
  • Silicon nitride (Si3N4) waveguides offer potential for high-performance photonic devices due to their material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a 16-channel, 200 GHz AWG (de)-multiplexer using Si3N4 buried optical waveguides.
  • To evaluate the performance of Si3N4 waveguides in AWG devices, focusing on loss, crosstalk, and thermal stability.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a 16-channel AWG (de)-multiplexer using Si3N4 buried optical waveguides with 50 nm-thick Si3N4 cores and 15 μm-thick SiO2 cladding.
  • Experimental characterization of the AWG device in the 1310 nm and 1550 nm wavelength ranges.

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Main Results:

  • Achieved very low waveguide loss of approximately 0.4–0.8 dB/m due to the ultra-thin core layer reducing scattering.
  • Demonstrated low on-chip loss by minimizing transition loss between the free-propagation region (FPR) and arrayed waveguides.
  • Exhibited crosstalk levels of approximately -30 dB (adjacent) and -40 dB (non-adjacent) at 1310 nm.
  • Observed a low temperature dependence of ~0.011 nm/°C, comparable to SiO2 AWG devices.

Conclusions:

  • Si3N4 buried optical waveguides are suitable for fabricating high-performance AWG (de)-multiplexers.
  • The demonstrated AWG device offers low loss, low crosstalk, and good thermal stability.
  • This technology holds promise for advancing optical communication systems requiring efficient wavelength management.