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Related Concept Videos

Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II01:46

Electron Transport Chain: Complex I and II

The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
ROS generation is regulated and maintained at moderate levels necessary...
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Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Imaging of mtHyPer7, a Ratiometric Biosensor for Mitochondrial Peroxide, in Living Yeast Cells
09:47

Imaging of mtHyPer7, a Ratiometric Biosensor for Mitochondrial Peroxide, in Living Yeast Cells

Published on: June 2, 2023

Mitochondrial dynamics in yeast cell death and aging.

Ralf J Braun1, Benedikt Westermann

  • 1Institut für Zellbiologie, Universität Bayreuth, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany. ralf.braun@uni-bayreuth.de

Biochemical Society Transactions
|September 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Mitochondrial dynamics, including fusion and fission, are vital for cell death and aging. Yeast studies reveal how changes in mitochondrial shape link to cell death pathways and aging processes.

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Published on: May 6, 2009

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Mitochondrial Dynamics
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Mitochondria are central to programmed cell death and aging.
  • Aging leads to increased mitochondrial damage, oxidative stress, and cellular dysfunction.
  • Mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission) regulate mitochondrial quality control and cellular adaptation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review alterations in mitochondrial morphology during cell death induction and aging in yeast.
  • To correlate these morphological changes with specific cell death pathways.
  • To highlight the role of mitochondrial fusion and fission machinery in regulating aging and cell death.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on yeast models.
  • Analysis of studies investigating mitochondrial morphology changes.
  • Correlation of morphological data with cell death and aging markers.

Main Results:

  • Mitochondrial morphology significantly changes upon induction of cell death or during aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  • Specific patterns of mitochondrial fusion and fission are associated with distinct cell death pathways.
  • Components of the mitochondrial fusion and fission machinery directly influence aging and cell death.

Conclusions:

  • Mitochondrial dynamics are critical regulators of cell death and aging.
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae serves as a valuable model for understanding these processes.
  • Targeting mitochondrial fusion and fission pathways may offer strategies for modulating aging and cell death.