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New diagnostic techniques: a review of the HAP group of bacteria
1National Veterinary Laboratory, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Abstract:
Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Haemophilus somnus, Haemophilus parasuis and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae cause considerable economic loss in the cattle and swine industries. The literature relating to diagnostic procedures for these infections is reviewed. Both conventional and newer techniques are appraised in relation to the identification and classification of isolates, and to serological testing.
Insights
This review covers diagnostic methods for bacterial infections like Pasteurella haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida, which cause significant economic losses in cattle and swine. It assesses conventional and advanced techniques for identifying these pathogens and their serological classification.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Microbiology
- Animal Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Bovine and porcine bacterial infections caused by Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Haemophilus somnus, Haemophilus parasuis, and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae result in substantial economic losses.
- Accurate and efficient diagnostics are crucial for managing these economically significant animal diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and appraise diagnostic procedures for key bacterial pathogens affecting cattle and swine.
- To evaluate both conventional and novel techniques for pathogen identification, classification, and serological testing.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of diagnostic procedures for Pasteurella haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Haemophilus somnus, Haemophilus parasuis, and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.
- Appraisal of conventional microbiological and newer molecular diagnostic techniques.
- Evaluation of serological testing methods for disease diagnosis and herd management.
Main Results:
- The review synthesizes information on various diagnostic approaches for these specific bacterial infections.
- Conventional methods provide foundational identification, while newer techniques offer enhanced sensitivity and specificity.
- Serological testing plays a vital role in epidemiological surveillance and herd health management.
Conclusions:
- Effective diagnosis of Pasteurella and Haemophilus infections in livestock relies on a combination of established and emerging techniques.
- Selection of appropriate diagnostic methods is critical for accurate identification, classification, and control of these costly pathogens.
- Continued evaluation of diagnostic advancements is necessary to mitigate economic impacts on the cattle and swine industries.