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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography01:22

Imaging Studies V: Intravenous Urography and Retrograde Pyelography

IntroductionIntravenous Urography (IVU) and Retrograde Pyelography (RP) are important diagnostic imaging techniques used to evaluate the urinary system. These methods help identify structural abnormalities, obstructions, and functional issues in the kidneys, ureters, and bladder. Both procedures use iodine-based contrast media to enhance the visibility of urinary tract structures on X-ray images, though they differ in their methods and indications.1. Intravenous Urography (IVU)Intravenous...
Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma
06:39

Technical Modification of the Terminal Ureter During Total Transperitoneal Laparoscopic Nephroureterectomy for Upper Urinary Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

Published on: November 22, 2019

[Retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy for upper ureteral calculus: 69 cases].

Hongyi Jiang1, Hongqing Zhao, Hongtao Wu

  • 1Department of Urology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.

Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical Sciences
|September 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy is a safe and effective minimally invasive treatment for upper ureteral stones. This technique demonstrates good clinical outcomes with no reported complications like ureteral stricture or recurrence.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Minimally Invasive Surgery
  • Endourology

Context:

  • Upper ureteral calculi present a significant clinical challenge.
  • Conventional open surgery for ureteral stones can involve substantial morbidity.
  • Minimally invasive endoscopic approaches are increasingly preferred.

Purpose:

  • To detail the technical aspects of retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy.
  • To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of this minimally invasive procedure for upper ureteral calculi.

Summary:

  • A study of 69 patients with upper ureteral calculi (1.5-3.1 cm) treated with retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy.
  • The procedure demonstrated a mean operative time of 63.1±19.8 min, with minimal blood loss (57.2±23.0 mL) and a short hospital stay (6.7±1.3 days).
  • No instances of ureteral stricture or recurrent calculus were observed during follow-up.

Impact:

  • Retroperitoneoscopic ureterolithotomy offers a safe, effective, and minimally invasive alternative to open surgery for upper ureteral stones.
  • This technique may become a standard treatment option, improving patient recovery and outcomes.
  • Further research can explore long-term efficacy and comparative studies.