Proteomic analysis of circulating human monocytes in coronary artery disease
Aruna Poduri1, Ajay Bahl, Kewal K Talwar
1Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Insights
Proteomic analysis of monocytes reveals key protein expression changes in coronary artery disease (CAD). This study identified specific proteins altered in CAD patients, offering new insights into atherosclerosis pathogenesis.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Biology
- Proteomics
- Immunology
Background:
- Monocytes are crucial in inflammation and atherosclerosis, but their molecular functions in coronary artery disease (CAD) require further elucidation.
- Understanding monocyte behavior is vital for advancing CAD research and treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the proteomic profile of monocytes in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
- To identify differentially expressed proteins in monocytes that may contribute to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Main Methods:
- Proteomic analysis using 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry on circulating monocytes from CAD patients and healthy controls.
- Comparison of protein spot intensity between the CAD group (n=20) and control group (n=20).
Main Results:
- Identified 63 differentially expressed protein spots in monocytes from CAD patients compared to controls.
- Found decreased expression of glutathione transferase and heat shock protein 70 KDa.
- Observed increased expression of vimentin, mannose binding lectin receptor protein, and S100A8 calcium-binding protein in CAD patients.
Conclusions:
- The study identified specific proteins (vimentin, mannose binding lectin receptor, S100A8, glutathione transferase, HSP70) with altered expression in monocytes of CAD patients.
- These findings provide novel molecular insights into the role of monocytes in atherosclerosis development.
- The identified proteins may serve as potential biomarkers or therapeutic targets for CAD.
Abstract:
Monocytes play an important role in inflammation and atherosclerosis; however, the molecular details underlying these diverse functions are not completely understood. Proteomic analysis of monocytes can provide new insights into their biological role in coronary artery disease (CAD). Twenty angiographically confirmed male, CAD patients (≥50% stenosis) attending cardiology clinic of Nehru Hospital, PGIMER, Chandigarh, and who were not receiving any lipid lowering therapy and 20 TMT negative subjects who served as controls were enrolled in the study. Circulating monocytes isolated from overnight fasting blood samples were analyzed by 2D gel electrophoresis (pH 4-7), and differentially expressed protein spots were subjected to mass spectrometry and identification of proteins. We observed 333 ± 40 protein spots in monocytes from patients and 312 ± 20 in controls; out of which 63 protein spots showed altered intensity in CAD patients. Thirteen spots showed fivefold increased and two protein spots showed fivefold decreased expression in CAD group as compared to control group, respectively. Two proteins showing decreased expression in monocytes from CAD patients were identified as: (i) glutathione transferase and (ii) heat shock protein 70 KDa. Proteins showing increased expression in CAD patients were identified as: (i) vimentin, (ii) mannose binding lectin receptor protein, and (iii) S100A8 calcium-binding protein. The results of our study offer identification of several proteins in monocytes which can provide new perspectives in role of monocytes in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
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