Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Hair Cells01:22

Hair Cells

Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the auditory system—they transduce mechanical sound waves into electrical energy that the nervous system can understand. Hair cells are located in the organ of Corti within the cochlea of the inner ear, between the basilar and tectorial membranes. The actual sensory receptors are called inner hair cells. The outer hair cells serve other functions, such as sound amplification in the cochlea, and are not discussed in detail here.
Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain01:26

Linear Approximation in Frequency Domain

Linear systems are characterized by two main properties: superposition and homogeneity. Superposition allows the response to multiple inputs to be the sum of the responses to each individual input. Homogeneity ensures that scaling an input by a scalar results in the response being scaled by the same scalar.
In contrast, nonlinear systems do not inherently possess these properties. However, for small deviations around an operating point, a nonlinear system can often be approximated as linear.
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Causes of Nonlinearity01:22

Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Causes of Nonlinearity

Nonlinearity in drug pharmacokinetics is caused by various factors influencing how a drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted. Understanding these nonlinear processes is crucial for predicting drug behavior in the body and optimizing drug dosing regimens.
Nonlinear drug absorption can occur when the process is rate-limited by solubility, carrier-mediated transport systems, or saturation of the presystemic gut wall or hepatic metabolism. For instance, high doses of riboflavin...
Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location01:21

Perceiving Loudness, Pitch, and Location

The human brain perceives pitch through two primary mechanisms reflected in place theory and frequency theory. Each mechanism describes how sound waves are interpreted as specific pitches by the brain, offering insights into the intricate processes of auditory perception.
Place theory, or place coding, suggests that different pitches are heard because various sound waves activate specific locations along the cochlea's basilar membrane. The brain determines the pitch of a sound by identifying...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Audiometric detection thresholds for older adults with normal and impaired hearing predict recognition of spectrally and temporally degraded speech in speech-modulated noise.

International journal of audiology·2026
Same author

Associations Between Self-Reported Workload and Measures of Speech Recognition in Adults Across the Lifespan.

American journal of audiology·2026
Same author

Assessing Hearing-Related Quality of Life in Adults With Hearing Loss: Validation of the German Cochlear Implant Quality of Life (CIQOL)-35 Profile.

Trends in hearing·2026
Same author

Role of Communication Partners in Pre-Cochlear Implant Decision-Making: A Scoping Review.

Ear and hearing·2026
Same author

Outcomes of a Large-Scale Pilot Hearing Screening Program at an Academic Medical Center.

American journal of medicine open·2026
Same author

Factors associated with responses to hearing screening questions among older adults.

American journal of medicine open·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses
14:05

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses

Published on: January 23, 2017

Individual differences in behavioral estimates of cochlear nonlinearities.

Gayla L Poling1, Amy R Horwitz, Jayne B Ahlstrom

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. g-poling@northwestern.edu

Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO
|September 23, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individual differences in cochlear nonlinearities are significant, even with normal hearing. While hearing loss slightly reduces compression, individual variability makes precise effects difficult to determine.

More Related Videos

A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents
09:23

A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents

Published on: October 16, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses
14:05

Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses

Published on: January 23, 2017

A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents
09:23

A Low Cost Setup for Behavioral Audiometry in Rodents

Published on: October 16, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Psychoacoustics
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Psychophysical methods infer human basilar membrane responses indirectly.
  • Assumptions in these methods and effects of hearing loss/age on cochlear nonlinearities remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Estimate cochlear nonlinearities using temporal masking curves (TMCs) in adults with varying hearing.
  • Investigate factors contributing to individual differences in cochlear compression.

Main Methods:

  • Temporal masking curves (TMCs) were used to estimate cochlear nonlinearities.
  • Data collected from adults with normal to moderate hearing loss.
  • Explored procedural and subject-related factors influencing TMC results.

Main Results:

  • Wide range of compression slopes observed, irrespective of age or threshold.
  • Subject age and hearing threshold did not significantly affect TMC slopes.
  • Test-retest reliability of TMCs was good.
  • Compression strength decreased slightly with hearing loss, but individual differences were large.

Conclusions:

  • Significant individual variability exists in human cochlear nonlinearities.
  • Age and hearing threshold have limited impact on TMC-derived compression estimates.
  • Large individual differences complicate the assessment of hearing loss effects on basilar membrane function.