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Related Concept Videos

Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.

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Effects of visual cue and response assignment on spatial stimulus coding in stimulus-response compatibility.

Akio Nishimura1, Kazuhiko Yokosawa

  • 1Department of Psychology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology (2006)
|September 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Stimulus-response assignment, not visual cues, critically influences the stimulus-response compatibility (SRC) effect when stimuli belong to superordinate units. This highlights flexible spatial coding in perception and action.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • The traditional stimulus-response compatibility (SRC) effect demonstrates faster responses to stimuli on the same side.
  • A reversal of the SRC effect occurs when stimuli belong to superordinate units predominantly located on the opposite side.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how visual cues and stimulus-response assignments affect the SRC effect based on superordinate unit position.
  • To explore the role of superordinate unit membership in spatial stimulus coding.

Main Methods:

  • Three experiments were conducted.
  • Participants responded to stimuli presented within visual displays.
  • Manipulations included visual cues indicating superordinate units and assignment of multiple stimuli to single responses.

Main Results:

  • Stimulus-response assignment was found to be critical for eliciting the SRC effect based on superordinate unit position.
  • Visual cues played a minor role in this effect.
  • The findings indicate that stimulus-response assignment overrides the influence of visual cues.

Conclusions:

  • Stimulus-response assignment is a key factor in the SRC effect within superordinate units.
  • Perception and action interact bidirectionally.
  • Spatial stimulus coding occurs simultaneously across multiple frames of reference, adapting to task demands.