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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
Bacterial Transformation01:33

Bacterial Transformation

In 1928, bacteriologist Frederick Griffith worked on a vaccine for pneumonia, which is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. Griffith studied two pneumonia strains in mice: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic. Only the pathogenic strain killed host mice.
Griffith made an unexpected discovery when he killed the pathogenic strain and mixed its remains with the live, non-pathogenic strain. Not only did the mixture kill host mice, but it also contained living pathogenic bacteria that...
Transformation01:26

Transformation

Microbial communities are dynamic environments where cell lysis releases free DNA into the surroundings. Other cells can take up this extracellular DNA through a process known as transformation.When a cell incorporates this foreign DNA into its genome, resulting in genetic modification, the process is known as transformation. Cells capable of this process are termed competent. Competence can be natural, as observed in certain bacteria and archaea, or artificially induced in the...
Transduction01:16

Transduction

Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Transformation of Plasmid DNA into E. coli Using the Heat Shock Method
07:46

Transformation of Plasmid DNA into E. coli Using the Heat Shock Method

Published on: August 1, 2007

Bacterial transformation using micro-shock waves.

G Divya Prakash1, R V Anish, G Jagadeesh

  • 1Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India.

Analytical Biochemistry
|September 24, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Controlled micro-shock waves offer a novel, cost-effective bacterial transformation method. This technique achieves higher efficiency than ultrasound and rivals electroporation with better cell recovery.

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Transformation of Plasmid DNA into E. coli Using the Heat Shock Method
07:46

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Published on: August 1, 2007

Rapid Protocol for Preparation of Electrocompetent Escherichia coli and Vibrio cholerae
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Shock Wave Application to Cell Cultures
05:39

Shock Wave Application to Cell Cultures

Published on: April 8, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Microbiology
  • Physics

Background:

  • Shock waves are potent natural energy dissipation mechanisms.
  • Bacterial transformation is crucial for genetic studies and biotechnology.
  • Existing methods like electroporation can be costly and impact cell viability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel bacterial transformation method using controlled micro-shock waves.
  • To optimize conditions for maximum transformation efficiency in Escherichia coli.
  • To evaluate the method's efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and applicability to other bacterial species.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of controlled micro-shock waves via an explosive-coated polymer tube.
  • Optimization of transformation parameters including tube length, foil thickness, CaCl(2) concentration, plasmid DNA concentration, and cell density.
  • Application of the method to Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhimurium.

Main Results:

  • Optimized conditions yielded a transformation efficiency of 1x10(-5) transformants/cell in E. coli.
  • This efficiency is 10 times greater than previously reported ultrasound-mediated methods.
  • The method demonstrated efficient and reproducible transformation in P. aeruginosa and S. typhimurium.

Conclusions:

  • Micro-shock wave-mediated transformation is a highly efficient and cost-effective alternative to electroporation.
  • The method offers advantages such as improved cell recovery and independence from growth phase.
  • This novel technique provides a valuable tool for bacterial genetic manipulation.