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Atrial fibrillation (AF) and cognitive impairment in the elderly: a case-control study

A Bellomo1, G De Benedetto, C Fossati

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological and Geriatric Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Umberto I, Policlinico di Roma, Viale del Policlinico 155, I-00161 Roma, Italy.

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
|September 24, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is linked to cognitive decline and depression, even without a history of stroke. This study found early-stage cognitive impairment and higher depression risks in AF patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Atrial fibrillation (AF) can impair cerebral perfusion, increasing cognitive decline risk.
  • The impact of AF on dementia and depression, especially in patients without prior strokes, requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between atrial fibrillation (AF), dementia, and depression.
  • To assess cognitive and behavioral functions in patients with and without AF, excluding those with a history of stroke.

Main Methods:

  • A Multidimensional Geriatric Assessment was performed on 26 AF patients and 31 controls (sinus rhythm).
  • Cognitive function was assessed using the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE).
  • Depression risk was evaluated using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).

Main Results:

  • AF patients exhibited significantly lower MMSE scores compared to controls (p<0.05).
  • AF patients showed higher GDS scores, indicating an increased risk of depression (p<0.02).
  • A statistically significant association was found between AF, depression, and early-stage cognitive impairment.

Conclusions:

  • Atrial fibrillation is associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment and depression.
  • AF may be considered a risk factor for dementia and depression, independent of stroke history.
  • Early detection and management of AF may be crucial for preventing cognitive decline and depression.

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