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Platelet indices in SGA newborns.

A Wasiluk¹, M Dabrowska, J Osada

¹Department of Neonatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland. awasiluk@umwb.edu.pl

Advances in Medical Sciences

|September 24, 2011

Summary

Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns exhibit altered blood platelet indices, including lower platelet counts and hematocrit, compared to appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants. These findings highlight potential risks for bleeding complications and infections in SGA infants.

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Area of Science:

Neonatal Medicine
Hematology
Perinatology

Background:

Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with various neonatal complications.
Platelet indices are crucial indicators of hemostatic function and can be affected by fetal growth.
Understanding platelet differences in small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns is vital for clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare blood platelet indices between full-term small-for-gestational-age (SGA) newborns and full-term appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) newborns.
To investigate specific platelet parameters such as platelet count, platelet hematocrit, mean platelet volume, and large platelet count.

Main Methods:

A cohort of 61 SGA and 70 AGA full-term newborns was studied.
SGA newborns were categorized into two groups based on percentile (<5th and 5th-10th centiles).
Platelet indices were analyzed from umbilical artery blood samples.

Main Results:

SGA newborns showed significantly decreased blood platelet counts (238×10^3/μL) compared to AGA newborns (286×10^3/μL).
Platelet hematocrit (PTC) was lower in SGA (0.19%) versus AGA (0.22%), and mean platelet volume (MPV) was higher in SGA (8.25 fL) than AGA (7.84 fL).
Large platelet count (LPLT) was higher in AGA (6.26%) than SGA (4.75%), while platelet distribution width (PDW) showed minimal difference.

Conclusions:

Decreased platelet count, PTC, and LPLT in SGA newborns are characteristic of IUGR and may increase risks of bleeding and infection.
The degree of intrauterine hypotrophy influences hemostatic disorders and should be considered clinically.
Altered platelet indices in SGA infants underscore the need for careful monitoring of hemostasis.