Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...

Herpes

Herpes

Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV‑1) is a widespread pathogen responsible for orolabial lesions. It is an enveloped, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belonging to the family Herpesviridae. Once the virus infects a host cell, its double‑stranded DNA genome is delivered into the nucleus, where a coordinated cascade of immediate‑early, early, and late gene expression directs viral DNA replication, structural protein synthesis, and virion assembly. After primary infection of epithelial cells, HSV-1...

Genital Herpes

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...

Human Virome

Human Virome

The human body harbors a vast and diverse viral community known as the human virome. The virome includes bacteriophages that infect bacteria, and eukaryotic viruses that infect human cells. Transient dietary and environmental viruses also contribute to this dynamic ecosystem. Estimates suggest the human body may contain on the order of 10¹³ viral particles, though abundance varies widely by body site and detection method.Comprehensive characterization of the virome has become possible only with...

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis

Poliomyelitis is caused by poliovirus, a small, non-enveloped, positive-sense RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Transmission occurs primarily via the fecal-oral route, often through ingestion of contaminated water or food. The virus initially replicates in the oropharynx and intestinal mucosa, particularly in lymphoid tissues such as the tonsils, Peyer’s patches, and regional lymph nodes. Primary viremia follows, allowing dissemination throughout the body.In most...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Respiratory Models Reveal DNA Damage Response Modulation by Merkel Cell Polyomavirus.

International journal of molecular sciences·2026

Same author

Investigation of mRNA expression levels of DNA damage response genes in Merkel Cell Polyomavirus-positive Merkel Cell Carcinoma: a pilot study.

Discover oncology·2025

Same author

High rates of anal Merkel Cell Polyomavirus and HPV co-infection among people living with HIV.

Journal of medical virology·2024

Same author

Merkel Cell Polyomavirus in the Context of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders.

Biomedicines·2024

Same author

Whole genome sequencing of recombinant viruses obtained from co-infection and superinfection of Vero cells with modified vaccinia virus ankara vectored influenza vaccine and a naturally occurring cowpox virus.

Frontiers in immunology·2024

Same author

A comprehensive review of monkeypox virus and mpox characteristics.

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology·2024

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection

Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection

Published on: February 7, 2019

Human polyomaviruses in skin diseases.

Ugo Moens¹, Maria Ludvigsen, Marijke Van Ghelue

¹Institute of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.

Pathology Research International

|September 24, 2011

Summary

Human polyomaviruses, including newly discovered strains, are increasingly identified. This paper focuses on their skin tropism and potential for causing skin diseases.

Area of Science:

Virology
Dermatology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Polyomaviruses are small, nonenveloped viruses with double-stranded DNA genomes.
Initially, only BK virus (BKV), JC virus (JCV), and simian virus 40 (SV40) were known human polyomaviruses.
Recent advances have identified novel human polyomaviruses, expanding our understanding of viral diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the skin tropism of human polyomaviruses.
To explore the dermatopathologic potential of these viruses.
To provide an updated overview of known human polyomaviruses.

Main Methods:

Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for detection.
Serological assays for virus-specific antibodies.
High-throughput sequencing and rolling circle amplification for novel virus discovery.

More Related Videos

Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Published on: August 24, 2015

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Published on: October 12, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection

Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infection and Detection

Published on: February 7, 2019

Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Ex Vivo Infection of Murine Epidermis with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1

Published on: August 24, 2015

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture

Published on: October 12, 2018

Main Results:

Several novel human polyomaviruses (KI, WU, Merkel cell polyomavirus, HPyV6, HPyV7, TSPyV, HPyV9) have been identified.
Lymphotropic polyomavirus is present in healthy individuals, though less common than BKV, JCV, and SV40.
The study highlights the significance of skin tropism for human polyomaviruses.

Conclusions:

The human polyomavirus family is larger and more diverse than previously known.
Human polyomaviruses exhibit tropism for the skin.
Further research into their dermatopathologic potential is warranted.