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T-cell antigen-positive multiple myeloma.

C M Spier1, T M Grogan, B G Durie

  • 1Department of Pathology, University of Arizona, Tucson.

Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc
|May 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Six multiple myeloma patients unexpectedly expressed T-cell antigens on their myeloma cells. This T-cell antigen expression correlated with significantly shorter survival, suggesting a potential new prognostic marker for this plasma cell malignancy.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell malignancy.
  • T-cell antigens are typically not expressed on myeloma cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence and implications of T-cell antigen expression on myeloma cells.

Main Methods:

  • Immunophenotyping of 215 plasmacytic malignancy samples.
  • Analysis of clinical features, histology, and survival data.

Main Results:

  • Six out of 215 samples (2.8%) showed T-cell antigen expression on myeloma cells.
  • Expressed antigens included T helper (CD4), T-cell receptor (CD3), and E-rosette receptor (CD2).
  • Patients with T-cell antigen expression had significantly shorter survival (median 2-7+ months) compared to those without.

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Conclusions:

  • T-cell antigen expression on myeloma cells is a rare event.
  • This aberrant expression may indicate a poor prognostic factor in multiple myeloma.
  • The origin of this phenomenon requires further investigation, possibly related to B-cell subpopulations or malignant transformation.