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Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Acceptor-donor-acceptor molecules are key components in functional materials.
  • Viologen units are known for their redox activity and ability to form complexes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize a novel linear molecule 1(2+) with naphthoxy and viologen units.
  • To explore the formation of pseudorotaxanes using cucurbit[8]uril and the synthesized molecule.
  • To investigate the stimuli-responsive behavior of the resulting supramolecular structures.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of the acceptor-donor-acceptor linear molecule 1(2+).
  • Noncovalent complexation with cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) to form [2]- and [5]pseudorotaxanes.
  • Acid-induced transformation to a [3]pseudorotaxane.
  • Base-induced reversible switching between pseudorotaxane structures.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of the 1(2+) molecule containing naphthoxy and monocharged viologen units.
  • Formation of a [2]pseudorotaxane ([1(2+)]⊂CB[8]) via noncovalent interactions.
  • Assembly of a [5]pseudorotaxane ([1(2+)](2)⊂[CB[8]](3)) by incorporating multiple units.
  • Demonstration of reversible switching between [3]- and [5]pseudorotaxanes using acid and base stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • A novel methodology for reversible elongation of linear molecules using noncovalent interactions was developed.
  • The findings contribute to the design of stimuli-responsive functional molecular devices.
  • The reversible switching behavior highlights the potential for dynamic molecular architectures.