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Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

Optimized Bone Sampling Protocols for the Retrieval of Ancient DNA from Archaeological Remains

Published on: November 30, 2021

A bone sample cleaning method using trypsin for the isolation of DNA.

Richard Li¹, Lidissy Liriano

¹Forensic Science Program, Department of Science, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, The City University of New York, New York, NY 10019, USA. rli@jjay.cuny.edu

Legal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)

|September 28, 2011

Summary

A new trypsin method effectively cleans human bone surfaces for DNA isolation. This technique yields sufficient DNA for forensic short tandem repeat (STR) analysis without negatively impacting DNA profiles.

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Published on: March 26, 2011

Area of Science:

Forensic Science
Molecular Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

Surface decontamination of bone samples is crucial for accurate DNA isolation in forensic analyses.
Existing mechanical cleaning methods can be abrasive and potentially damage DNA.
A need exists for alternative, less invasive bone surface cleaning techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a simple trypsin-based method for cleaning human bone samples prior to DNA isolation.
To assess the efficacy of trypsin treatment in removing surface contaminants from bone.
To determine the impact of trypsin treatment on DNA yield and subsequent forensic DNA analysis.

Main Methods:

Human bone samples were treated with a trypsin solution.
Light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to evaluate surface cleaning.
DNA was isolated from treated and untreated bone samples.
Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis was performed on the isolated DNA.

Main Results:

Trypsin treatment effectively removed the outer surface layer of human bone samples.
Sufficient DNA yields were obtained from trypsin-treated samples for STR analysis.
STR analysis confirmed no adverse effects on the DNA profiles after trypsin treatment.

Conclusions:

The trypsin method is an effective and potentially less damaging alternative to mechanical cleaning for bone samples.
This method provides adequate DNA for forensic applications, including STR typing.
Further research may establish trypsin treatment as a viable option in forensic DNA workflows.