A review on biomedical image processing and future trends

The last two decades have witnessed a revolutionary development in the field of biomedical and diagnostic imaging. Imaging procedures and modalities which were only in the experimental research phase in the early part of the last two decades, have now become universally accepted clinical procedures. They include computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound imaging, nuclear medicine imaging, computerized hematological cell analysis, etc. In the past, the conventional and relatively simple image processing techniques such as image enhancement, gray-level mapping, spectral analysis, region extraction, etc. have been modified for biomedical images and successfully applied for processing and analysis. The role of image enhancement, gray-level mapping, and image reconstruction from projections algorithms in CT and other radiological imaging modalities is well evident. Recently, many advances in biomedical image processing, analysis, and understanding algorithms have shown a great potential for enhancing and interpreting useful diagnostic information from these images more accurately. This paper presents a review on the current state-of-the-art techniques in biomedical image processing and comments on future trends.