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Structural proteins are a category of proteins responsible for functions ranging from cell shape and movement to providing support to major structures such as bones, cartilage, hair, and muscles. This group includes proteins such as collagen, actin, myosin, and keratin.
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The evolution of function in strictosidine synthase-like proteins.

Michael A Hicks1, Alan E Barber, Lesley-Ann Giddings

  • 1Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.

Proteins
|September 28, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Global analysis of enzyme superfamilies reveals functional links. Most strictosidine synthase-like (SSL) proteins likely perform hydrolytic reactions, not condensation, challenging current enzyme annotations.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Structural Biology
  • Enzymology

Background:

  • Exponential growth in sequence data aids new enzyme discovery.
  • Accurate functional annotation of diverse proteins remains challenging.
  • Analyzing large protein superfamilies aids understanding of reaction evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish sequence, structural, and functional links within the N6P superfamily.
  • To investigate conserved catalytic features and substrate specificities across subgroups.
  • To re-evaluate the functional annotations of strictosidine synthase-like (SSL) proteins.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative sequence analysis of >2500 N6P superfamily members.
  • Identification of conserved residues, particularly metal-coordinating ones.
  • Experimental validation of predicted enzyme functions.

Main Results:

  • Established links between arylesterase-like, senescence marker protein-30/gluconolactonase/luciferin-regenerating enzyme-like (SGL), and strictosidine synthase-like (SSL) subgroups.
  • Identified conserved metal-coordinating residues in most subgroups, with exceptions in SSL.
  • Predicted and experimentally confirmed hydrolytic functions for the majority of SSL sequences, contrary to their annotation.

Conclusions:

  • The N6P superfamily exhibits conserved structural and mechanistic attributes despite functional diversity.
  • Most SSL sequences likely catalyze hydrolytic reactions, necessitating re-annotation.
  • Comparative analysis is crucial for resolving functional ambiguity in large protein families.