Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques01:16

2D NMR: Overview of Homonuclear Correlation Techniques

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy (COSY) is a powerful technique used in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to study the correlations between nuclei of the same type within a molecule. It provides information about scalar couplings between adjacent nuclei, which helps determine connectivity and structural information. There are several COSY variants, each with its unique strengths and experimental parameters.
COSY90 is the standard two-dimensional (2D) COSY experiment that...
2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques01:18

2D NMR: Overview of Heteronuclear Correlation Techniques

Heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy is an analytical technique that investigates the coupling between different types of nuclei, often a proton and an X-nucleus, such as carbon-13 or nitrogen-15. This method is commonly used in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to gain insights into complex chemical compounds' structural and compositional aspects. A typical heteronuclear correlation spectrum displays X-nucleus chemical shifts on one axis and a proton spectrum on the other axis.
Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview01:12

Two-Dimensional (2D) NMR: Overview

The 1D NMR spectrum of large and complex molecules like natural products has complicated splitting patterns and overlapping signals, which can be easily interpreted using 2-dimensional (2D) NMR. Unlike 1D NMR, 2D NMR has two frequency axes that provide the coupling information between the nucleus A and nucleus B in a molecule. The process from which 2D spectra are obtained has four steps.
The first step is the preparation period, during which nucleus A is excited with a radiofrequency pulse.
High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)01:15

High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS)

The resolution of a mass spectrometer depends on the efficiency of separating ions with different ion masses. The mass of an atom is approximated to the sum of the masses of protons and neutrons inside, considering the masses of protons and neutrons as equal. However, the masses of the proton (1.6726 × 10−24 g) and neutron (1.6749 × 10−24 g) are not truly equal. There is a minor error in the expression of atomic masses relative to the simplest atom of hydrogen. For example, the mass of helium...
2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)01:19

2D NMR: Heteronuclear Single-Quantum Correlation Spectroscopy (HSQC)

Heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) is a 2D NMR technique that reveals one-bond correlations between hydrogen and a heteronucleus. The HSQC experiment is similar to the heteronuclear correlation experiment (HETCOR) but is more sensitive. In the HSQC spectrum, the proton chemical shift is plotted on the horizontal F2 axis, while the 13C chemical shift is plotted on the vertical F1 axis. The corresponding proton and 13C spectra are also shown. The HSQC contour plot does...
2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)01:06

2D NMR: Homonuclear Correlation Spectroscopy (COSY)

Homonuclear correlation spectroscopy, or COSY, is a 2-dimensional NMR technique that provides information about coupled protons. Typically, the geminal and vicinal coupling are observed. For example, consider the COSY spectrum of ethyl acetate, where its 1D proton NMR spectrum is plotted along the vertical and horizontal axes with their corresponding chemical shift scale. Three spots on the diagonal corresponding to the three peaks in the 1D proton spectrum are called diagonal peaks. The COSY...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Vutrisiran in Patients With Transthyretin Amyloidosis With Cardiomyopathy and Renal Impairment: Analyses From HELIOS-B.

Journal of cardiac failure·2026
Same author

Unraveling the impact of common medications on biomarker patterns in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease reports·2026
Same author

Salivary metabolomics for early detection of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia: Exploring microbiome dysbiosis and sex differences.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD·2026
Same author

Rapid and colorimetric assay for the detection of <i>S. pneumoniae</i> based on hydrogen peroxide release and analysis using color image processing.

The Analyst·2026
Same author

Distinct Metabolic Signatures Linked to High-Resolution Computed Tomography Radiographic Phenotypes in Stable and Progressive Fibrotic Lung Disease.

Metabolites·2026
Same author

Current treatment decisions in cardiac transthyretin amyloidosis: a multicentre analysis.

Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Assessing Hepatic Metabolic Changes During Progressive Colonization of Germ-free Mouse by 1H NMR Spectroscopy
07:54

Assessing Hepatic Metabolic Changes During Progressive Colonization of Germ-free Mouse by 1H NMR Spectroscopy

Published on: December 15, 2011

Metabolic profiling based on two-dimensional J-resolved 1H NMR data and parallel factor analysis.

Ali Yilmaz1, Nils T Nyberg, Jerzy W Jaroszewski

  • 1Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Analytical Chemistry
|September 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) preprocesses 2D J-resolved NMR spectra, preserving J-coupling information for metabolic profiling of natural products like saffron. This method enhances analysis of complex mixtures.

More Related Videos

Concentration of Metabolites from Low-density Planktonic Communities for Environmental Metabolomics using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
11:47

Concentration of Metabolites from Low-density Planktonic Communities for Environmental Metabolomics using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: April 7, 2012

Metabolomic Analysis of Rat Brain by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Tissue Extracts
09:01

Metabolomic Analysis of Rat Brain by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Tissue Extracts

Published on: September 21, 2014

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Assessing Hepatic Metabolic Changes During Progressive Colonization of Germ-free Mouse by 1H NMR Spectroscopy
07:54

Assessing Hepatic Metabolic Changes During Progressive Colonization of Germ-free Mouse by 1H NMR Spectroscopy

Published on: December 15, 2011

Concentration of Metabolites from Low-density Planktonic Communities for Environmental Metabolomics using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
11:47

Concentration of Metabolites from Low-density Planktonic Communities for Environmental Metabolomics using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: April 7, 2012

Metabolomic Analysis of Rat Brain by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Tissue Extracts
09:01

Metabolomic Analysis of Rat Brain by High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Tissue Extracts

Published on: September 21, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Metabolomics
  • Natural Product Analysis

Background:

  • Metabolic profiling uses NMR spectroscopy to analyze natural product extracts, identifying known and unknown compounds.
  • Two-dimensional J-resolved NMR spectra resolve overlapping signals by separating chemical shift and J-coupling effects.
  • Current methods often lose J-coupling information by using 1D projections for statistical analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) as a novel preprocessing tool for 2D J-resolved NMR spectra.
  • To demonstrate PARAFAC's ability to retain J-coupling information during metabolic profiling.
  • To evaluate the feasibility and benefits of using PARAFAC with saffron extracts.

Main Methods:

  • PARAFAC, a three-way data decomposition method, was applied to 2D J-resolved NMR spectra.
  • Spectra were aligned and processed in narrow windows (0.04 ppm) along the chemical shift axis.
  • Automated selection of windows and components was based on explained variance and core consistency.

Main Results:

  • PARAFAC successfully preprocessed 96 2D J-resolved NMR spectra from saffron extracts.
  • The method preserved J-coupling information, allowing for detailed analysis of spectral components.
  • Score plots visualized sample distribution, while loading plots provided pseudospectra with chemical shift and J-coupling profiles.

Conclusions:

  • PARAFAC is a valuable tool for preprocessing 2D J-resolved NMR data in metabolomics.
  • This approach enhances the analysis of complex natural product mixtures by retaining J-coupling information.
  • PARAFAC offers a more comprehensive understanding of metabolite variations in extracts.