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Malignant degeneration in pilonidal disease
Isaías Alarcón-Del Agua1, Carlos Bernardos-García, Manuel Bustos-Jiménez
1Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, España. isaiasalarcon@gmail.com
Cirugia Y Cirujanos
|September 29, 2011
Summary
Malignant transformation can occur in long-standing pilonidal disease, particularly squamous cell carcinoma, which shows high recurrence rates. Adjuvant radiotherapy may reduce local recurrence after surgical excision.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Dermatology
- Surgical Pathology
Background:
- Pilonidal disease is a common surgical condition with a potential for malignant degeneration.
- This study reviews surgical interventions for pilonidal disease between 1995 and 2008.
- Malignant transformation in pilonidal disease, though rare, necessitates careful histological examination.
Observation:
- A review of 3729 histology reports identified three cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and one case of basal cell carcinoma (BCC).
- SCC cases presented with a mean lesion evolution of 20.6 years and showed local and lymph node recurrence.
- The BCC case had a 1-year evolution and no recurrence.
Findings:
- Malignancy, especially SCC, can arise in pilonidal disease with prolonged evolution.
- SCC in pilonidal disease is associated with significant recurrence and morbidity.
- No mortality was observed in the reviewed cases.
Implications:
- Early detection and complete surgical excision are crucial for managing pilonidal disease with suspected malignancy.
- Adjuvant radiotherapy can decrease local recurrence rates for squamous cell carcinoma.
- Long-term follow-up is essential for patients with pilonidal disease, particularly those with chronic lesions.
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