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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...

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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla
09:14

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla

Published on: January 6, 2019

Self-refocused adiabatic pulse for spin echo imaging at 7 T.

Priti Balchandani1, Mohammad Mehdi Khalighi, Gary Glover

  • 1Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. pritib@stanford.edu

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|September 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel self-refocused adiabatic pulse for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at 7 Tesla. This new pulse improves signal uniformity and reduces echo time, overcoming limitations of conventional spin echo sequences.

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • Radiofrequency Pulse Design
  • High-Field Systems

Background:

  • Conventional spin echo sequences use 180° radiofrequency pulses for T(2) contrast.
  • These pulses are susceptible to B(1) inhomogeneity at high magnetic fields (e.g., 7 Tesla).
  • This inhomogeneity leads to signal and contrast variations in the region of interest.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a more robust spin echo pulse sequence for high-field MRI.
  • To overcome the limitations of conventional 180° pulses at 7 Tesla.
  • To improve signal uniformity and reduce echo time in T(2)-weighted imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the adiabatic Shinnar Le-Roux method to design a matched-phase adiabatic 90°-180° pulse pair.
  • Reformulated the pulse pair into a single self-refocused adiabatic pulse.
  • Validated pulse performance using phantom and in vivo experiments.

Main Results:

  • The novel self-refocused adiabatic pulse demonstrated improved immunity to B(1) inhomogeneity at 7 Tesla.
  • Achieved substantially more uniform transmit profiles compared to conventional spin echo sequences.
  • Minimized echo time by eliminating the need for a second adiabatic pulse for phase refocusing.

Conclusions:

  • The developed self-refocused adiabatic pulse is a viable alternative for T(2)-weighted imaging at 7 Tesla.
  • Offers enhanced robustness against B(1) inhomogeneity, leading to more reliable contrast.
  • Paves the way for improved image quality and diagnostic accuracy in high-field MRI applications.