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Rubella diagnostic issues in Canada.

Graham A Tipples1

  • 1National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. graham_tipples@phac-aspc.gc.ca

The Journal of Infectious Diseases
|September 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Rubella elimination requires robust laboratory surveillance. Diagnostic challenges in the elimination phase necessitate considering additional tests beyond IgM, like IgG avidity and molecular detection, for accurate case confirmation.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Virology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The global rubella vaccination program aims for rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) elimination.
  • Effective surveillance is crucial for monitoring progress toward the 2010 elimination goal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical role of laboratory diagnostics and surveillance in the rubella elimination phase.
  • To discuss challenges and considerations for rubella and CRS diagnostics during elimination.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic approaches for rubella and CRS in the context of elimination.
  • Discussion of serological testing (IgM, paired IgG, IgG avidity) and molecular detection.

Main Results:

  • Immunoglobulin (Ig) M serological testing is the primary method for acute rubella diagnosis.

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  • Additional tests are vital for confirming cases, especially in the elimination phase.

    • Conclusions:

    • Laboratory diagnostics and surveillance are essential for achieving rubella and CRS elimination.
    • A comprehensive diagnostic strategy, including advanced testing, is necessary to address challenges in the elimination phase.