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Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Increased Intracranial Pressure l: Introduction

Intracranial hypertension is a sustained elevation of intracranial pressure (ICP) above 22 mm Hg. In supine adults, normal ICP is ~7–15 mm Hg.The rigid, nonexpandable cranium contains three components—brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)—that total ~1,700 mL in a typical adult: 1,400 mL brain (~80%), 150 mL blood (~10%), and 150 mL CSF (~10%). According to the Monro–Kellie doctrine, total intracranial volume is effectively fixed. When one component expands, CSF and venous blood...

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased Intracranial Pressure ll: Pathophysiology

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) refers to a potentially life-threatening rise in pressure inside the skull. This usually happens when there is a major change in the volume of brain tissue, blood, or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) — the three components inside the skull. According to the Monro-Kellie doctrine, if the volume of one component increases, the volumes of the other components must decrease to maintain normal pressure. If this does not happen, ICP rises.The process often begins with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

Published on: July 29, 2021

Recent advances in headache research.

¹Headache Group, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0114, USA. jan.hoffmann@ucsf.edu

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics

|September 30, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Migraine is now understood as a brain disorder, not a vascular issue. New insights into its complex mechanisms and brain structures are paving the way for innovative migraine treatments.

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

Dural Stimulation and Periorbital von Frey Testing in Mice As a Preclinical Model of Headache

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Published on: July 29, 2021

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Area of Science:

Neurology
Neuroscience
Headache Medicine

Background:

Over the past 20 years, understanding of primary headache disorders, particularly migraine, has significantly advanced.
Migraine is now primarily viewed as a central nervous system disorder, challenging older vascular or meningeal theories.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight recent scientific advances in migraine pathophysiology presented at the American Headache Society Annual Meeting.
To discuss the clinical implications of these new findings for therapeutic development.

Main Methods:

Review of presentations and discussions from the American Headache Society Annual Meeting.
Synthesis of current research on migraine pathophysiology and brain structures involved.

Main Results:

Substantial improvement in understanding migraine pathophysiology.
Consensus shifting towards migraine as a primary brain disorder.
Identification of complex pathophysiological mechanisms and involved brain structures.

Conclusions:

Advances in understanding migraine pathophysiology are crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
The focus on brain mechanisms opens new avenues for effective migraine treatment.
Continued research and discussion at scientific meetings are vital for clinical progress.