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Related Concept Videos

Fibronectins Connect Cells with ECM01:25

Fibronectins Connect Cells with ECM

Fibronectin is an adhesive glycoprotein present in the extracellular matrix of embryogenic and adult tissue. These molecules primarily aid in regulating cell motility and attachment. A fibronectin molecule is composed of two identical polypeptide chains attached to each other by a pair of disulfide bonds at the C-terminal.
Both proteoglycans and collagen are attached to fibronectin proteins, which, in turn, are attached to integrin proteins. These integrin proteins interact with transmembrane...
Cell Migration01:19

Cell Migration

Cell migration is a process by which the cells move from one location to another, playing an essential role in embryological development, repair and regeneration, immune response, and metastasis. Cells migrate in response to chemical or mechanical signals generated by specific organs or tissues. The overall mechanism includes three steps - polarization, protrusion, and release. Polarization involves the formation of a distinct cell front and rear, which determines the direction of movement.
Cell Migration01:09

Cell Migration

Cell migration, the process by which cells move from one location to another, is essential for the proper development and viability of organisms throughout their life. When cells are not able to migrate properly to their ordained locations, various disorders may occur. For example, disruption in cell migration causes chronic inflammatory diseases such as arthritis.
Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility01:13

Actin Polymerization and Cell Motility

Actin is a family of globular proteins that are highly abundant in eukaryotic cells. It makes up approximately 1-5% of total cell protein concentration. Actin monomers polymerize to form a complex network of polarized filaments, the actin cytoskeleton, that plays a crucial role in many cellular processes, including cell motility, division, endocytosis, and metastasis of cancer cells.
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Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces01:13

Cell-matrix's Response to Mechanical Forces

In animal cells, the extracellular matrix allows cells within tissues to withstand external stresses and transmits signals from the outside of the cell to the inside. The extracellular matrix is extensive, and its composition varies between different types of tissues. For example, the reticular fibers and ground substance make up the ECM in loose connective tissue, while collagen and bone minerals make up the ECM of bone tissue. 
Anchoring junctions mechanically attach a cell to the...
Introduction to Fibroblasts01:09

Introduction to Fibroblasts

Rudolph Virchow discovered spindle-shaped cells called fibroblasts in 1858. Inactive fibroblasts, called fibrocytes, become activated by various stimuli, such as growth factors and inflammatory cytokines. Activated fibroblasts play a crucial role in wound healing, inflammation, formation of new blood vessels, and cancer progression. Uncontrolled activation of fibroblasts results in fibrosis, the excess deposition of fibrous tissue, which can lead to scarring and affect normal organs. This...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

Examining the Dynamics of Cellular Adhesion and Spreading of Epithelial Cells on Fibronectin During Oxidative Stress
10:57

Examining the Dynamics of Cellular Adhesion and Spreading of Epithelial Cells on Fibronectin During Oxidative Stress

Published on: October 13, 2019

Fibronectin expression determines skin cell motile behavior.

Kevin J Hamill1, Susan B Hopkinson, Paul Hoover

  • 1Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.

The Journal of Investigative Dermatology
|September 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mouse skin cells migrate slower than human cells due to increased fibronectin (FN) in their extracellular matrix (ECM). Reducing FN enhances skin cell migration, revealing FN as a key regulator of cell motility.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell biology
  • Dermatology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Keratinocyte migration is crucial for skin development and wound healing.
  • In vitro studies show mouse keratinocytes migrate slower than human keratinocytes on uncoated surfaces.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) composition in differential keratinocyte migration.
  • To determine if fibronectin (FN) levels in the ECM regulate skin cell motility.

Main Methods:

  • Comparing keratinocyte migration on self-deposited ECM from mouse and human cells.
  • Utilizing small interfering RNA (siRNA) to deplete fibronectin (FN) in mouse keratinocytes.
  • Analyzing ECM composition for fibronectin and laminin-332 subunit α3.

Main Results:

  • Human keratinocyte motility decreased on mouse ECM, while mouse keratinocyte motility increased on human ECM.
  • Mouse keratinocytes exhibited significantly higher fibronectin (FN) levels compared to human keratinocytes.
  • siRNA-mediated FN depletion in mouse keratinocytes increased their migration speed and that of human keratinocytes on their ECM.
  • Human keratinocyte migration slowed on FN-coated substrates and FN-supplemented human ECM in a dose-dependent manner.

Conclusions:

  • Fibronectin (FN) acts as a significant inhibitory regulator of skin cell migration.
  • Differential FN deposition in the extracellular matrix (ECM) contributes to the observed differences in mouse and human keratinocyte motility.
  • Laminin-332-rich matrices may facilitate cell migration when fibronectin levels are reduced.