Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Equity Theory01:26

Equity Theory

Equity theory explains how our sense of fairness influences the dynamics of close relationships. Rooted in social psychology, the theory posits that individuals evaluate fairness by comparing the ratio of their contributions to the rewards they receive. Relationship satisfaction is highest when these ratios are perceived as balanced between partners, promoting mutual reciprocity and a sense of justice.Equity vs. Equality in RelationshipsEquity is distinct from equality. Fairness does not...
Inequalities01:28

Inequalities

Inequalities express mathematical relationships where two values are not equal and are compared using symbols such as <, >, ≤, or ≥. These expressions define a range of possible solutions rather than a single value. Interval notation provides a concise way to express these solution sets, especially when the variable spans a continuous range. An open interval, written as (a, b), excludes the endpoints, while a closed interval [a, b] includes them. There are also half-open intervals, such...
Graphical Representation of Inequalities01:28

Graphical Representation of Inequalities

The graph of the equation where y equals x squared forms a curve known as a parabola. This curve acts as a boundary in the coordinate plane, dividing it into distinct regions based on the relative position of points.When the equality sign in the equation is replaced with an inequality—such as greater than, less than, greater than or equal to, or less than or equal to—the graphical representation changes from a single curve into a broader shaded area that signifies the set of all points...
Skewness01:06

Skewness

The measures of central tendency calculated from a data set may not reveal much about its intrinsic distribution. If a plot is made of the data set’s values, the mean and the median may not only differ, but also the plot may have more values on one side of the central tendencies. Such a data set is said to be skewed towards that side.
The longer the tail of the plot on one side, the more skewed it is. The skewness of a data set’s values suggests that the measures of central tendency are...
Introduction to Nonlinear Inequalities01:25

Introduction to Nonlinear Inequalities

Linear and nonlinear inequalities are fundamental for analyzing variable relationships and identifying ranges satisfying specific conditions. A linear inequality involves variables raised only to the first power, resulting in a straight-line graph. This line partitions the coordinate plane into two distinct regions: one that satisfies the inequality and one that does not. Each region represents a set of solutions where the linear relationship holds true under the specified constraint.Nonlinear...
In- and Out-Groups01:31

In- and Out-Groups

People all belong to a gender, race, age, and social economic group. These groups provide a powerful source of our identity and self-esteem (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and serve as our in-groups. An in-group is a group that we identify with or see ourselves as belonging to.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Conformity to popular, not average, opinions: Models, data, and evolution.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026
Same author

Erratum: Impediments to countering racist pseudoscience - CORRIGENDUM.

Evolutionary human sciences·2025
Same author

Impediments to countering racist pseudoscience.

Evolutionary human sciences·2025
Same author

Gene-culture association and coevolution.

Theoretical population biology·2025
Same author

Not by Selection Alone: Expanding the Scope of Gene-Culture Coevolution.

Evolutionary anthropology·2025
Same author

Conformity to continuous and discrete ordered traits.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Related Experiment Videos

The spread of inequality.

Deborah S Rogers1, Omkar Deshpande, Marcus W Feldman

  • 1Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America. rogers.deborah@gmail.com

Plos One
|September 30, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Stratified societies spread faster due to resource inequality, leading to the displacement of egalitarian societies. This demographic advantage, not cultural shifts, explains the prevalence of inequality today.

Area of Science:

  • Social Sciences
  • Anthropology
  • Sociology

Background:

  • Socioeconomic inequality and societal stratification have long been debated.
  • Existing theories fail to explain the widespread displacement of egalitarian norms by unequal societies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To model the demographic consequences of unequal resource distribution in stratified societies.
  • To investigate the mechanisms driving the historical dominance of stratified societies over egalitarian ones.

Main Methods:

  • Agent-based modeling was employed to simulate societal dynamics.
  • Simulations were run in both constant and variable environmental conditions.

Main Results:

  • Unequal resource access demographically destabilizes societies, promoting outward migration and spread.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Stratified societies exhibit greater spread and resilience in variable environments, with mortality concentrated in lower classes.
  • Simulation predictions are supported by existing empirical data.

    • Conclusions:

    • The dominance of stratified societies may stem from their superior migration and expansion capabilities, rather than internal cultural transformations.
    • Demographic consequences of resource inequality, including migration and mortality sequestration, are key factors in societal success and spread.