A polyorchid dog.

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Reproductive Biology
• Canine Health

Background:

• Polyorchidism, the presence of supernumerary testes, is a rare congenital anomaly in domestic animals.
• Early detection and surgical intervention are crucial for managing reproductive abnormalities in dogs.

Observation:

• A one-year-old Irish Setter presented with polyorchidism, having one scrotal and two cryptorchid testes.
• Initial castration and removal of a scrotal and an inguinal cryptorchid testis were performed.
• Persistent testosterone production prompted further investigation.

Findings:

• A third, abdominal cryptorchid testis was identified cranially to the bladder on the right side.
• This testis possessed a robust cranial suspensory ligament and an elongated epididymal tail.
• The ductus deferens of the third testis followed the gubernaculum to the inguinal region, suggesting a shared duct with the previously removed caudal right testis.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of thorough diagnostic evaluation in cases of persistent hormonal activity post-surgery.
• The anatomical findings suggest a potential shared ductus deferens between two right-sided cryptorchid testes, a rare occurrence.
• Understanding such complex anatomical variations is vital for successful surgical outcomes and managing reproductive health in canines.