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Multiresponsive clay-containing layer-by-layer films.

Aliaksandr Zhuk1, Robert Mirza, Svetlana Sukhishvili

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Chemical Biology and Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey 07030, USA.

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|October 1, 2011
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed multi-responsive polymer/clay films using poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) and clay nanosheets. These films exhibit tunable swelling and permeability for sensing and controlled delivery applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Layer-by-layer assembly is a versatile technique for creating functional thin films.
  • Stimuli-responsive polymers offer dynamic control over material properties.
  • Clay nanosheets can enhance film stability and introduce unique functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer polymer/clay multilayer films with multi-stimuli responsiveness (temperature, salt, pH).
  • To investigate the swelling behavior and permeability changes of these films in response to various stimuli.
  • To explore the potential applications of these responsive films in sensing and controlled delivery.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)/clay and hybrid PNIPAM/clay/PNIPAM/poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA) multilayers via layer-by-layer assembly.
  • Characterization of film swelling using laser scanning confocal microscopy.
  • Assessment of film permeability to fluorescein-tagged dextrans of various molecular weights.
  • Evaluation of stimuli-responsive behavior (temperature, salt concentration, pH).

Main Results:

  • PNIPAM/clay films exhibited significant swelling (up to ~14.5 times dry thickness) in low-salt solutions at 25 °C.
  • Films reversibly deswelled above PNIPAM's lower critical solution temperature (LCST, 32 °C) or in high salt concentrations.
  • Inclusion of PMAA introduced pH-responsive swelling and permeability changes, completely blocking dextran diffusion at acidic pH.
  • Film permeability to dextrans decreased significantly above the LCST, with reversible recovery upon cooling.

Conclusions:

  • The developed polymer/clay films demonstrate robust multi-stimuli responsiveness.
  • These films offer tunable permeability, making them suitable for controlled release applications.
  • The combination of polymer and clay components provides a versatile platform for advanced sensing and actuation devices.