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Updated: May 29, 2026

A Postoperative Evaluation Guideline for Computer-Assisted Reconstruction of the Mandible
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Correlation between bone density and angular deviation of implants placed using CT-generated surgical guides.

Oguz Ozan1, Kaan Orhan, Ilser Turkyilmaz

  • 1Department of Prosthodontics, Near East University, Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin, Turkey. oguzozan@gmail.com

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|October 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary

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Lower bone density correlates with greater angular deviations in dental implant placement, particularly when surgical guides are removed. This highlights the impact of bone quality on implant accuracy during freehand procedures.

Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Implantology

Background:

  • Evaluating the relationship between bone density and implant placement accuracy is crucial for successful outcomes.
  • Stereolithographic surgical guides are utilized to improve implant positioning.
  • Understanding factors influencing angular deviation is key to refining surgical techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the correlation between jawbone density and angular deviations in dental implant placement.
  • To compare the accuracy of two different stereolithographic surgical guides.
  • To investigate the influence of bone quality on implant positioning accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • 54 patients received 216 implants, with preoperative bone density assessed using computed tomography (Hounsfield units).

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  • Implants were placed using two types of stereolithographic guides: Stentcad Beyond (in situ) and Stentcad Classic (after guide removal).
  • Angular deviations between planned and actual implant positions were measured.

    • Main Results:

    • Mean bone densities were 561.36 HU (maxilla) and 890.63 HU (mandible).
    • Mean angular deviations were 5.32° (Stentcad Classic) and 3.73° (Stentcad Beyond).
    • A significant negative correlation was observed between bone density and angular deviation in freehand placements.

    Conclusions:

    • Lower bone density is associated with greater angular deviations, especially in freehand implant placements after guide removal.
    • Bone quality significantly impacts the accuracy of dental implant positioning.
    • The use of surgical guides, particularly when left in situ, may mitigate deviations in poorer bone quality.