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Updated: May 29, 2026

Three-Dimensional Reconstruction of Orbital Fractures
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Published on: May 16, 2025

Pediatric nasoorbitoethmoid fractures.

James Y Liau1, Justin Woodlief, John A van Aalst

  • 1University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7195, USA.

The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
|October 1, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric nasoorbitethmoid (NOE) fractures are underrepresented in research. This review highlights differences in pediatric versus adult facial bones and discusses NOE fracture management in children.

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Area of Science:

  • Craniofacial surgery
  • Pediatric trauma
  • Maxillofacial reconstruction

Background:

  • Pediatric craniofacial trauma literature predominantly covers mandible fractures.
  • Nasoorbitethmoid (NOE) fractures in children are under-researched, with treatment often extrapolated from adult protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review pediatric nasoorbitethmoid (NOE) fractures.
  • To highlight differences between pediatric and adult facial skeletons.
  • To discuss the impact of NOE fractures on pediatric facial growth and current surgical management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pediatric craniofacial trauma.
  • Comparative analysis of adult and pediatric facial skeletal anatomy.
  • Review of pathology, presentation, and treatment of pediatric NOE fractures.

Main Results:

  • Significant anatomical differences exist between pediatric and adult facial skeletons.
  • Current treatment algorithms for pediatric NOE fractures are largely adapted from adult practices.
  • The effects of NOE fractures on pediatric facial growth and development require further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • There is a critical need for dedicated research on pediatric nasoorbitethmoid (NOE) fractures.
  • Understanding anatomical variations is crucial for appropriate diagnosis and management.
  • Developing specific pediatric treatment guidelines is essential to optimize outcomes and prevent long-term growth disturbances.