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Labeling DNA Probes

DNA probes are fragments of DNA labeled with a reporter tag to enable their detection or purification. The resulting labeled DNA probes can then hybridize to target nucleic acid sequences through complementary base-pairing, and may be used to recover or identify these regions.
Radioisotopes, fluorophores, or small molecule binding partners like biotin or digoxigenin, are the most widely used reporter tags for labeling DNA probes. These labels can be attached to the probe DNA molecule via...

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Chemoselective Modification of Viral Surfaces via Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry
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A bioorthogonal quadricyclane ligation.

Ellen M Sletten1, Carolyn R Bertozzi

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new bioorthogonal reaction, the quadricyclane ligation, has been developed for advanced biological research. This method enables selective biomolecule modification in complex systems, complementing existing bioorthogonal tools.

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Area of Science:

  • Bioorthogonal Chemistry
  • Chemical Biology
  • Biomolecular Engineering

Background:

  • Bioorthogonal chemistry is crucial for studying biomolecules in living systems.
  • Existing methods have limitations in scope and orthogonality.
  • New reactions are needed to expand the toolkit for multiplexed biological analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce and characterize a novel bioorthogonal reaction: the quadricyclane ligation.
  • To assess the reaction's efficiency, kinetics, and compatibility with biological environments.
  • To demonstrate its orthogonality with established bioorthogonal chemistries.

Main Methods:

  • Development of the quadricyclane ligation reaction between quadricyclane and Ni bis(dithiolene) reagents.
  • Kinetic analysis to determine the second-order rate constant.
  • Demonstration of selective labeling of modified proteins in cell lysate.
  • Orthogonality testing with strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition and oxime ligation.

Main Results:

  • The quadricyclane ligation exhibits a second-order rate constant of 0.25 M(-1) s(-1), comparable to fast bioorthogonal reactions.
  • The reaction functions effectively in aqueous environments.
  • Selective labeling of quadricyclane-modified bovine serum albumin was achieved, even with cell lysate present.
  • The quadricyclane ligation demonstrated orthogonality with strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition and oxime ligation in one-pot experiments.

Conclusions:

  • The quadricyclane ligation is a new, efficient, and bioorthogonal reaction.
  • It expands the available tools for selective covalent modification of biomolecules.
  • This reaction facilitates multiplexed analysis in complex biological systems.