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Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis

Cholecystitis is inflammation of the gallbladder, most commonly caused by obstruction of the cystic duct. This blockage prevents bile from draining, leading to gallbladder distension, inflammation, and potentially serious complications. This condition may present acutely or chronically and can happen with or without gallstones.EtiologyAbout 95% of cholecystitis cases are calculous, caused by gallstones blocking the cystic duct, leading to bile accumulation and inflammation of the gallbladder...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Murine Precision-Cut Liver Slices as an Ex Vivo Model of Liver Biology

Murine Precision-Cut Liver Slices as an Ex Vivo Model of Liver Biology

Published on: March 14, 2020

Cholecystokinin (CCK) assays.

D G Trist¹, M Corsi

¹Glaxo Wellcome S.p.A., Medicines Research Centre, Verona, Italy.

Current Protocols in Pharmacology

|October 4, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study details methods for quantifying cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor activity. Researchers developed assays to measure selective agonists and antagonists at CCK1 and CCK2 receptors, crucial for understanding CCK

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Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Neuroscience
Gastroenterology

Background:

Cholecystokinin (CCK) functions as both a peripheral hormone and a central neurotransmitter.
Two primary CCK receptors, CCK1 and CCK2, have been identified, with a related gastrin receptor also existing.
Understanding CCK receptor pharmacology is vital for various physiological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To present validated methods for quantifying selective agonists and antagonists at CCK1 receptors.
To describe an assay for quantifying compounds acting on CCK2 receptors.
To enable precise measurement of CCK receptor subtype activity.

Main Methods:

Utilized guinea-pig ileum longitudinal muscle with myenteric plexus to assay both CCK1 and CCK2 receptors simultaneously.
Employed selective agonists and antagonists to differentiate activity at CCK1 and CCK2 receptor subtypes within the same preparation.
Used guinea-pig gallbladder as a classical preparation to study CCK1 receptor-active compounds specifically, free from CCK2 receptor interference.

Main Results:

Successfully established two distinct methods for quantifying CCK1 receptor ligands.
Developed a specific assay for CCK2 receptor ligands.
Demonstrated the ability to distinguish between CCK1 and CCK2 receptor activity using selective pharmacological tools.

Conclusions:

The presented assays provide reliable tools for the characterization of CCK receptor agonists and antagonists.
These methods facilitate detailed pharmacological studies of CCK1 and CCK2 receptor subtypes.
The findings support further research into the physiological roles and therapeutic potential of modulating CCK signaling pathways.