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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Cross-lagged relationships between workplace demands, control, support, and sleep problems.

Linda L Magnusson Hanson¹, Torbjörn Åkerstedt, Katharina Näswall

¹Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. linda.hanson@stressforskning.su.se

|October 4, 2011

Summary

Workplace factors like demands and support influence sleep problems, but sleep issues can also affect work. This study found bidirectional links between work characteristics and sleep disturbances, especially awakening problems.

Keywords:

Workplace causation control demand reciprocal reverse sleep sleep disturbances structural equation modeling support

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Published on: June 18, 2014

Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Sleep Science
Sociology of Work

Background:

Sleep problems are prevalent, impacting a significant portion of the population.
Work characteristics are potential determinants of sleep issues, but longitudinal evidence is limited.
Reverse causation, where sleep problems influence work, is a plausible alternative explanation.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine longitudinal, bidirectional relationships between work characteristics and sleep problems.
To investigate how workplace demands, decision authority, and support are associated with sleep disturbances and awakening problems over time.
To differentiate between causal, reverse causal, and reciprocal relationships.

Main Methods:

Prospective cohort study with a two-wave panel design.
Utilized data from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) with 3065 participants.
Employed structural equation modeling to analyze bidirectional relationships, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

Found bidirectional relationships between workplace demands, decision authority, and support, and sleep disturbances and awakening problems.
Identified a forward causal model for demands and sleep disturbances, and a reverse causal model for support and sleep disturbances.
Reciprocal models best explained the relationship between work characteristics and awakening problems.

Conclusions:

Cross-lagged analyses revealed weak links between demands and sleep disturbances, and a reverse relationship from support to sleep disturbances.
Bidirectional associations were observed between work characteristics and awakening problems.
Findings suggest that reverse and reciprocal relationships, in addition to hypothesized causal links, are important in understanding work characteristics and sleep problems over a 2-year period.