[Perinatal complications in patients with chronic renal failure]

Pregnant patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI) have a high risk of perinatal complications and deterioration of renal filtration (RF).

To report perinatal complications and changes of RF according to disease severity.

Cross-sectional study including 28 pregnant patients grouped into three categories of CRI according to initial creatinine (Cr): mild CRI < 1.5, moderate CRI 1.5-2.5 and severe CRI > 2.5 mg/dL. Pre-labor vs initial perinatal complications and changes in endogenous creatinine clearance (CrCI) were reported. Descriptive statistics and Student t-test were used for statistical analyses.

Mild CRI was found in 50%, moderate in 35.72% and severe in 14.28% of patients. Maternal complications were as follows. Mild CRI: Cesarean (35.72%), deterioration of RF (21.42%) and worsening of systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) (7.14%); moderate CRI: Cesarean (28.57%), deterioration of RF (28.57%) and worsening of SAH (14.28%); severe CRI: Cesarean (14.28%), deterioration of RF (14.28%) and anemia (14.28%). Fetal complications were as follows. Mild CRI: prematurity (25%), fetal growth restriction (FGR) (7.14%) and fetal death (7.14%), moderate CRI: prematurity (21.42%), FGR (3.57%) and no reassuring fetal status (NRFS) (3.57%), severe CRI: prematurity (14.28%), NRFS (7.14%) and respiratory insufficiency (7.14%). Mild CRI showed a reduction of endogenous CrCI (p = 0.03) not shown in other categories.

An elevated frequency of complications was found, with the most serious occurring in patients with severe CRI. Deterioration of RF was found in patients with mild CRI.