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Updated: May 28, 2026

Detection of Extravascular Trypanosoma Parasites by Fine Needle Aspiration

Detection of Extravascular Trypanosoma Parasites by Fine Needle Aspiration

Published on: August 7, 2019

Is one benign fine needle aspiration enough?

Victoriya S Chernyavsky¹, Beth-Ann Shanker, Tomer Davidov

¹Division of General Surgery, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Office of Surgical Education, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. chernyvs@umdnj.edu

Annals of Surgical Oncology

|October 5, 2011

Summary

Repeating fine needle aspiration (FNA) for thyroid nodules after an initial benign result can reduce false negatives. A second FNA lowered the malignancy detection rate from 10.2% to 4.5%.

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Oncology
Diagnostic Cytopathology

Background:

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) is a primary diagnostic tool for thyroid nodules.
The management and follow-up of benign FNA results remain a clinical challenge.
Uncertainty exists regarding the efficacy of repeat FNAs in improving diagnostic accuracy.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate whether routine repeat fine needle aspiration (FNA) after an initial benign diagnosis reduces false-negative results in thyroid nodule assessment.
To determine the impact of repeat FNAs on the detection rate of malignancy.

Main Methods:

Retrospective review of 265 patients with at least one benign FNA.
Analysis included patients who underwent surgery or repeat FNA following an initial benign result.
Data reviewed included ultrasonography, FNA cytology (Bethesda system), and surgical pathology.

Main Results:

The false-negative rate for malignancy after a single benign FNA was 10.2% (13 of 127 surgeries).
Repeat FNA reduced the false-negative rate to 4.5% (1 of 22 surgeries).
Initially benign cytology (Bethesda II) was upgraded to Bethesda IV-VI in 5.4% of patients after two FNAs. Suspicious ultrasound features were present in 90% of false-negative cases.

Conclusions:

The overall false-negative rate of thyroid FNAs is significant (10.2%).
A second benign FNA can substantially decrease the false-negative rate to 4.5%.
Sonographically suspicious nodules with initially benign FNA results warrant consideration for repeat aspiration.