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Related Concept Videos

Toxoplasmosis01:28

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...
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Obtaining Highly Purified Toxoplasma gondii Oocysts by a Discontinuous Cesium Chloride Gradient
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Published on: November 3, 2009

Therapy for ocular toxoplasmosis.

Alejandra de-la-Torre1, Miles Stanford, Andre Curi

  • 1Grupo de Estudio en Parasitología Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad del Quindío, Armenia, Colombia. gepamol2@uniquindio.edu.co

Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
|October 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Current evidence suggests short-term antimicrobial therapy may benefit ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in immunocompetent patients. Intravitreal treatments show promise for managing this parasitic eye infection.

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Obtaining Highly Purified Toxoplasma gondii Oocysts by a Discontinuous Cesium Chloride Gradient
11:17

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Published on: November 3, 2009

3-D Imaging and Analysis of Neurons Infected In Vivo with Toxoplasma gondii
06:33

3-D Imaging and Analysis of Neurons Infected In Vivo with Toxoplasma gondii

Published on: December 9, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Parasitology

Background:

  • Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) is a significant cause of posterior uveitis.
  • Treatment strategies for OT remain debated due to varying clinical presentations and evidence quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and synthesize current evidence regarding the treatment of ocular toxoplasmosis.
  • To provide expert recommendations based on available data.

Main Methods:

  • A narrative review of the medical literature.
  • Critical analysis of meta-analyses and selected original research articles.
  • Evaluation of expert recommendations for OT management.

Main Results:

  • Observational studies indicate potential benefits of short-term antimicrobial therapy for toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis in immunocompetent individuals, though definitive proof from randomized trials is lacking.
  • A randomized clinical trial demonstrated that intermittent trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole therapy can reduce recurrence rates in high-risk patients.
  • Intravitreal clindamycin and dexamethasone emerged as a viable alternative to traditional OT treatment in a randomized clinical trial.

Conclusions:

  • Therapeutic approaches for OT are diverse, with ongoing controversy regarding optimal type, efficacy, and duration.
  • Intravitreal therapy presents a promising option for managing ocular toxoplasmosis.
  • Recent findings on parasitemia in patients with active and inactive OT necessitate further investigation.