Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 28, 2026
06:21
Osmotic Minipump Implantation for Increasing Glucose Concentration in Mouse Cerebrospinal Fluid
Published on: April 7, 2023
Metabolic syndrome, cognitive performance, and dementia
Georgina E Crichton1, Merrill F Elias, Jonathan D Buckley
1Nutritional Physiology Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia. whige003@mymail.unisa.edu.au
Journal of Alzheimer'S Disease : JAD
|October 6, 2011
Summary
Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance, is linked to cognitive decline and dementia. Further research is needed due to inconsistent definitions and methodologies.
Area of Science:
- Neurology
- Metabolic Disorders
- Gerontology
Background:
- Metabolic syndrome (MetS) comprises obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance.
- These factors are independently linked to increased risks of cognitive impairment and dementia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review studies on the association between MetS and cognitive function, including early changes and dementia.
- To identify and discuss limitations in current research and challenges in drawing conclusions.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of nine studies on cognitive performance and ten on dementia incidence related to MetS.
- Critical appraisal of identified literature.
Main Results:
- Evidence suggests a link between MetS and cognitive impairment/dementia.
- Significant limitations exist in the literature, including varied MetS definitions and cognitive assessments.
- Differentiating the impact of individual MetS components on cognition is challenging.
Conclusions:
- MetS is a potential risk factor for cognitive decline and dementia.
- The current body of research is limited by methodological inconsistencies.
- Standardized definitions and research approaches are necessary for clearer conclusions.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Dementia
Dementia is a collective term for cognitive disorders primarily affecting memory, thinking, and reasoning. It is not a specific disease but a syndrome, with Alzheimer's disease being the most common cause, accounting for approximately 60-80% of cases. Other types include vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Dementia affects millions worldwide, particularly older adults, though it is not a normal part of aging.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual.
The progression of dementia is generally gradual.
01:22Dementia l: Introduction
Dementia is an acquired, progressive syndrome characterized by a decline in multiple cognitive domains severe enough to impair daily functioning and reduce independence. Although memory loss is a central feature, the diagnosis requires additional deficits involving language, executive function, visuospatial skills, judgment, calculation, or abstract reasoning. These cognitive impairments reflect underlying neurodegenerative or vascular processes that gradually disrupt neuronal networks...
01:29Alzheimer Disease l: Introduction
Alzheimer disease is a chronic, progressive, and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and the most common cause of dementia in older adults. It leads to gradual neuronal loss, causing cognitive decline, behavioral changes, and loss of functional independence.Risk Factors and EtiologyThe disease is multifactorial. Age is the strongest risk factor, with prevalence doubling every 5 years after age 65. Genetic factors include mutations in genes such as APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2, which are associated...
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function. They...
01:26Alzheimer's Disease: Overview
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
The clinical diagnosis of AD hinges on the presence of memory and other cognitive impairments. Biomarkers, such as changes in Aβ and tau...
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...